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Mendeliome v1.2284 ITGAV Zornitza Stark Marked gene: ITGAV as ready
Mendeliome v1.2284 ITGAV Zornitza Stark Gene: itgav has been classified as Amber List (Moderate Evidence).
Mendeliome v1.2284 ITGAV Zornitza Stark Classified gene: ITGAV as Amber List (moderate evidence)
Mendeliome v1.2284 ITGAV Zornitza Stark Gene: itgav has been classified as Amber List (Moderate Evidence).
Mendeliome v1.2283 ITGAV Zornitza Stark gene: ITGAV was added
gene: ITGAV was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: ITGAV was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: ITGAV were set to 39526957
Phenotypes for gene: ITGAV were set to Syndromic disease, MONDO:0002254, ITGAV-related
Review for gene: ITGAV was set to AMBER
Added comment: Three unrelated families reported: two with affected children (one hmz missense; other compound het LoF with missense) and one family with four affected fetuses. Clinical features included brain and eye anomalies and IBD/immune dysregulation. TGF-beta signalling pathway affected. The deletion of itgav in zebrafish recapitulated patient phenotypes including retinal and brain defects and the loss of microglia in early development as well as colitis in juvenile zebrafish with reduced SMAD3 expression and transcriptional regulation.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v1.2218 ATG4A Bryony Thompson Marked gene: ATG4A as ready
Mendeliome v1.2218 ATG4A Bryony Thompson Gene: atg4a has been classified as Red List (Low Evidence).
Mendeliome v1.2218 ATG4A Bryony Thompson gene: ATG4A was added
gene: ATG4A was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Expert list
Mode of inheritance for gene: ATG4A was set to X-LINKED: hemizygous mutation in males, monoallelic mutations in females may cause disease (may be less severe, later onset than males)
Publications for gene: ATG4A were set to 33310865
Phenotypes for gene: ATG4A were set to infectious meningitis MONDO:0004796
Review for gene: ATG4A was set to RED
Added comment: Single case with recurrent HSV2 lymphocytic Mollaret’s meningitis heterozygous for a missense variant (p.Leu90Ile).
Sources: Expert list
Mendeliome v1.2178 CTGF Bryony Thompson Marked gene: CTGF as ready
Mendeliome v1.2178 CTGF Bryony Thompson Gene: ctgf has been classified as Amber List (Moderate Evidence).
Mendeliome v1.2178 CTGF Bryony Thompson Phenotypes for gene: CTGF were changed from Kyphomelic dysplasia to Kyphomelic dysplasia MONDO:0008881; Spondyloepimetaphyseal dysplasia MONDO:0100510
Mendeliome v1.2177 CTGF Bryony Thompson Publications for gene: CTGF were set to 39506047
Mendeliome v1.2176 CTGF Bryony Thompson Classified gene: CTGF as Amber List (moderate evidence)
Mendeliome v1.2176 CTGF Bryony Thompson Gene: ctgf has been classified as Amber List (Moderate Evidence).
Mendeliome v1.2175 CTGF Bryony Thompson edited their review of gene: CTGF: Changed publications: 39414788, 20534727
Mendeliome v1.2175 CTGF Bryony Thompson edited their review of gene: CTGF: Changed publications: 39414788, 39414788
Mendeliome v1.2175 CTGF Bryony Thompson reviewed gene: CTGF: Rating: RED; Mode of pathogenicity: None; Publications: 39414788; Phenotypes: Spondyloepimetaphyseal dysplasia MONDO:0100510; Mode of inheritance: MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted
Mendeliome v1.2168 CTGF Sangavi Sivagnanasundram edited their review of gene: CTGF: Changed phenotypes: Kyphomelic dysplasia, skeletal dysplasia MONDO:0018230
Mendeliome v1.2166 CTGF Sangavi Sivagnanasundram gene: CTGF was added
gene: CTGF was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: CTGF was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: CTGF were set to 39506047
Phenotypes for gene: CTGF were set to Kyphomelic dysplasia
Review for gene: CTGF was set to AMBER
Added comment: CCN2 is the new HGNC approved name.

PMID: 39506047
Three individuals from two unrelated consanguineous families presented with short stature, facial dysmorphism and kyphomelic skeletal dysplasia.

A rare missense variant in family 1 (Cys148Tyr) and novel frameshift variant (Pro260LeufsTer7) in family 2 was identified in homozygous state.
Zebrafish model was also conducted that showed altered body curvature and impaired cartilage formation in craniofacial region resulting in either bent of missing tails.

A missense variant c.443G>A; p.(Cys148Tyr) in exon 3 and a frameshift variant, c.779_786del; p.(Pro260LeufsTer7) in exon 5.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v1.2119 ATG9A Bryony Thompson Marked gene: ATG9A as ready
Mendeliome v1.2119 ATG9A Bryony Thompson Gene: atg9a has been classified as Red List (Low Evidence).
Mendeliome v1.2119 ATG9A Bryony Thompson gene: ATG9A was added
gene: ATG9A was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: ATG9A was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: ATG9A were set to 35838483
Phenotypes for gene: ATG9A were set to Autophagy-associated immune dysregulation and hyperplasia
Review for gene: ATG9A was set to RED
Added comment: A single case with compound heterozygous variants was reported. After infection with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), the patient developed hyperplastic proliferation of T and B cells in the lung and brain and exhibited defects in lymphocyte memory cell populations. In vitro functional assays.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v1.1998 EIF3I Mark Cleghorn gene: EIF3I was added
gene: EIF3I was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Other
Mode of inheritance for gene: EIF3I was set to MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted
Phenotypes for gene: EIF3I were set to complex neurodevelopmental disorder MONDO:0100038
Penetrance for gene: EIF3I were set to unknown
Review for gene: EIF3I was set to AMBER
Added comment: Marcello Scala, Genoa
ESHG presentation 4/6/24, unpublished

De novo EIF3I missense variants as a cause for novel NDD syndrome

EIF3 complex involved in regulating initiation of mRNA translation
Negative regulator of the TGF beta pathway

8 individuals from 8 families
Mod/severe GDD or ID
Short stature
Midline brain anomalies (hypoplasia/agenesis of corpus callosum and pituitary hypoplasia)
Frontal bossing, hypertelorism, long philtrum
All w rare de novo missense variants in EIF3I, clustering within highly conserved WD repeats

Functional studies
Transfected HEK293 cell studies suggested EIF3I protein from variant alleles (from patients above) had disrupted interaction with other EIF subunits, and cells had reduced protein synthesis overall
No animal models
Sources: Other
Mendeliome v1.1715 KIAA1024L Achchuthan Shanmugasundram gene: KIAA1024L was added
gene: KIAA1024L was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: KIAA1024L was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: KIAA1024L were set to 35727972
Phenotypes for gene: KIAA1024L were set to Deafness, autosomal recessive 120, OMIM:620238
Review for gene: KIAA1024L was set to GREEN
Added comment: New gene name - MINAR2

PMID:35727972 reported 13 patients from four unrelated families with non-syndromic sensorineural hearing loss. Four of these patients had prelingual onset of severe to profound, progressive bilateral hearing loss. The other nine patients had congenital onset of severe to profound bilateral hearing loss, which was not progressive on one patient, while data was not available for the other.

Three different homozygous variants (c.144G > A/ p.Trp48Ter, c.412_419delCGGTTTTG/ p.Arg138Valfs*10 and c.393G > T/ p.Lys131Asn) were identified in MINAR2/ KIAA1024L gene in these patients.

There is some functional evidence available for the p.Lys131Asn variant. In addition, mice with loss of function of the Minar2 protein present with rapidly progressive sensorineural hearing loss.

This gene has also been associated with relevant phenotype in OMIM (MIM #620238).
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v1.1405 DDX17 Melanie Marty gene: DDX17 was added
gene: DDX17 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: DDX17 was set to MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted
Publications for gene: DDX17 were set to https://www.medrxiv.org/search/DDX17
Phenotypes for gene: DDX17 were set to Neurodevelopmental disorder (MONDO#0700092), DDX17-related
Review for gene: DDX17 was set to GREEN
Added comment: https://www.medrxiv.org/search/DDX17 (pre-print)
11 patients with het de novo variants in DDX17 (5 NMD, 6 missense). Patient's phenotype included mild-moderate intellectual disability, delayed speech and language development and global developmental delay. 64% had dysmorphic facial features. Some patients also have gross and fine motor delay, generalized hypotonia, stereotypy, and evidence of autism spectrum disorder.

Knockdown of Ddx17 in newborn mice showed impaired axon outgrowth and reduced axon outgrowth and branching was observed in primary cortical neurons in vitro. This result was replicated in Crispant Xenopus tadpoles, which had clear functional neural defects and showed an impaired neurobehavioral phenotype.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v1.686 ATG4D Zornitza Stark Marked gene: ATG4D as ready
Mendeliome v1.686 ATG4D Zornitza Stark Gene: atg4d has been classified as Green List (High Evidence).
Mendeliome v1.686 ATG4D Zornitza Stark Phenotypes for gene: ATG4D were changed from neurodevelopmental disorder; Abnormal facial shape to Neurodevelopmental disorder, MONDO:0700092, ATG4D-related
Mendeliome v1.685 ATG4D Zornitza Stark Classified gene: ATG4D as Green List (high evidence)
Mendeliome v1.685 ATG4D Zornitza Stark Gene: atg4d has been classified as Green List (High Evidence).
Mendeliome v1.684 ATG4D Zornitza Stark reviewed gene: ATG4D: Rating: GREEN; Mode of pathogenicity: None; Publications: ; Phenotypes: Neurodevelopmental disorder, MONDO:0700092, ATG4D-related; Mode of inheritance: BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Mendeliome v1.684 ATG4D Suliman Khan gene: ATG4D was added
gene: ATG4D was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: ATG4D was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: ATG4D were set to PMID: 36765070
Phenotypes for gene: ATG4D were set to neurodevelopmental disorder; Abnormal facial shape
Penetrance for gene: ATG4D were set to unknown
Review for gene: ATG4D was set to GREEN
Added comment: PMID: 36765070 reported three individuals from two unrelated families with a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by speech and motor impairment with a similar facial gestalt comprising almond-shaped eyes, depressed nasal bridge, and a prominent Cupid’s bow with variable disease severity and progression. NGS analysis revealed bi-allelic loss-of-function variants in ATG4D gene. Based on the clinical, bioinformatic, and functional data, the author concluded that bi-allelic loss-of-function variants in ATG4D contribute to the pathogenesis of syndromic neurodevelopmental disorder.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v1.19 ATG16L1 Zornitza Stark reviewed gene: ATG16L1: Rating: RED; Mode of pathogenicity: None; Publications: ; Phenotypes: ; Mode of inheritance: None
Mendeliome v0.14662 ATG5 Elena Savva Marked gene: ATG5 as ready
Mendeliome v0.14662 ATG5 Elena Savva Gene: atg5 has been classified as Amber List (Moderate Evidence).
Mendeliome v0.14486 ATG16L1 Elena Savva Marked gene: ATG16L1 as ready
Mendeliome v0.14486 ATG16L1 Elena Savva Gene: atg16l1 has been classified as Red List (Low Evidence).
Mendeliome v0.14481 ATG16L1 Elena Savva Phenotypes for gene: ATG16L1 were changed from to {Inflammatory bowel disease (Crohn disease) 10} MIM#611081
Mendeliome v0.14480 ATG16L1 Elena Savva Publications for gene: ATG16L1 were set to
Mendeliome v0.14480 ATG16L1 Elena Savva Classified gene: ATG16L1 as Red List (low evidence)
Mendeliome v0.14480 ATG16L1 Elena Savva Gene: atg16l1 has been classified as Red List (Low Evidence).
Mendeliome v0.14475 ATG16L1 Elena Savva reviewed gene: ATG16L1: Rating: ; Mode of pathogenicity: None; Publications: PMID: 20602997; Phenotypes: {Inflammatory bowel disease (Crohn disease) 10} MIM#611081; Mode of inheritance: None
Mendeliome v0.12949 PTGDR Zornitza Stark Marked gene: PTGDR as ready
Mendeliome v0.12949 PTGDR Zornitza Stark Gene: ptgdr has been classified as Red List (Low Evidence).
Mendeliome v0.12949 PTGDR Zornitza Stark Phenotypes for gene: PTGDR were changed from to {Asthma, susceptibility to, 1} 607277
Mendeliome v0.12948 PTGDR Zornitza Stark Mode of inheritance for gene: PTGDR was changed from Unknown to MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted
Mendeliome v0.12947 PTGDR Zornitza Stark Classified gene: PTGDR as Red List (low evidence)
Mendeliome v0.12947 PTGDR Zornitza Stark Gene: ptgdr has been classified as Red List (Low Evidence).
Mendeliome v0.12946 PTGDR Zornitza Stark reviewed gene: PTGDR: Rating: RED; Mode of pathogenicity: None; Publications: ; Phenotypes: {Asthma, susceptibility to, 1} 607277; Mode of inheritance: MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted
Mendeliome v0.12221 TGM1 Zornitza Stark Marked gene: TGM1 as ready
Mendeliome v0.12221 TGM1 Zornitza Stark Gene: tgm1 has been classified as Green List (High Evidence).
Mendeliome v0.12221 TGM1 Zornitza Stark Phenotypes for gene: TGM1 were changed from to Ichthyosis, congenital, autosomal recessive 1, MIM#242300
Mendeliome v0.12220 TGM1 Zornitza Stark Publications for gene: TGM1 were set to
Mendeliome v0.12219 TGM1 Zornitza Stark Mode of inheritance for gene: TGM1 was changed from Unknown to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Mendeliome v0.12218 TGM1 Zornitza Stark reviewed gene: TGM1: Rating: GREEN; Mode of pathogenicity: None; Publications: 19890349, 24261627, 30302839; Phenotypes: Ichthyosis, congenital, autosomal recessive 1, MIM#242300; Mode of inheritance: BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Mendeliome v0.12218 TGM3 Zornitza Stark Marked gene: TGM3 as ready
Mendeliome v0.12218 TGM3 Zornitza Stark Gene: tgm3 has been classified as Amber List (Moderate Evidence).
Mendeliome v0.12218 TGM3 Zornitza Stark Phenotypes for gene: TGM3 were changed from to Uncombable hair syndrome 2 MIM#617251
Mendeliome v0.12217 TGM3 Zornitza Stark Publications for gene: TGM3 were set to
Mendeliome v0.12216 TGM3 Zornitza Stark Mode of inheritance for gene: TGM3 was changed from Unknown to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Mendeliome v0.12215 TGM3 Zornitza Stark Classified gene: TGM3 as Amber List (moderate evidence)
Mendeliome v0.12215 TGM3 Zornitza Stark Gene: tgm3 has been classified as Amber List (Moderate Evidence).
Mendeliome v0.12194 TGFB3 Zornitza Stark Marked gene: TGFB3 as ready
Mendeliome v0.12194 TGFB3 Zornitza Stark Gene: tgfb3 has been classified as Green List (High Evidence).
Mendeliome v0.12194 TGFB3 Zornitza Stark Phenotypes for gene: TGFB3 were changed from to Loeys-Dietz syndrome 5, MIM# 615582
Mendeliome v0.12193 TGFB3 Zornitza Stark Publications for gene: TGFB3 were set to
Mendeliome v0.12192 TGFB3 Zornitza Stark Mode of inheritance for gene: TGFB3 was changed from Unknown to MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted
Mendeliome v0.12191 TGFB3 Zornitza Stark reviewed gene: TGFB3: Rating: GREEN; Mode of pathogenicity: None; Publications: 30071989, 25835445, 15639475; Phenotypes: Loeys-Dietz syndrome 5, MIM# 615582; Mode of inheritance: MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted
Mendeliome v0.12191 TGFB2 Zornitza Stark Marked gene: TGFB2 as ready
Mendeliome v0.12191 TGFB2 Zornitza Stark Gene: tgfb2 has been classified as Green List (High Evidence).
Mendeliome v0.12191 TGFB2 Zornitza Stark Phenotypes for gene: TGFB2 were changed from to Loeys-Dietz syndrome 4, MIM# 614816
Mendeliome v0.12190 TGFB2 Zornitza Stark Mode of inheritance for gene: TGFB2 was changed from Unknown to MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted
Mendeliome v0.12189 TGFB2 Zornitza Stark reviewed gene: TGFB2: Rating: GREEN; Mode of pathogenicity: None; Publications: ; Phenotypes: Loeys-Dietz syndrome 4, MIM# 614816; Mode of inheritance: MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted
Mendeliome v0.12189 TGFB1 Zornitza Stark Marked gene: TGFB1 as ready
Mendeliome v0.12189 TGFB1 Zornitza Stark Gene: tgfb1 has been classified as Green List (High Evidence).
Mendeliome v0.12189 TGFB1 Zornitza Stark Phenotypes for gene: TGFB1 were changed from to Inflammatory bowel disease, immunodeficiency, and encephalopathy MIM# 618213; Camurati-Engelmann disease, MIM# 131300
Mendeliome v0.12188 TGFB1 Zornitza Stark Publications for gene: TGFB1 were set to
Mendeliome v0.12187 TGFB1 Zornitza Stark Mode of inheritance for gene: TGFB1 was changed from Unknown to BOTH monoallelic and biallelic, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Mendeliome v0.12186 TGFB1 Zornitza Stark reviewed gene: TGFB1: Rating: GREEN; Mode of pathogenicity: None; Publications: 29483653, 10973241, 35315241, 30721323; Phenotypes: Inflammatory bowel disease, immunodeficiency, and encephalopathy MIM# 618213, Camurati-Engelmann disease, MIM# 131300; Mode of inheritance: BOTH monoallelic and biallelic, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Mendeliome v0.12186 TG Zornitza Stark Marked gene: TG as ready
Mendeliome v0.12186 TG Zornitza Stark Gene: tg has been classified as Green List (High Evidence).
Mendeliome v0.12186 TG Zornitza Stark Phenotypes for gene: TG were changed from to Thyroid dyshormonogenesis 3, MIM# 274700
Mendeliome v0.12185 TG Zornitza Stark Publications for gene: TG were set to
Mendeliome v0.12184 TG Zornitza Stark Mode of inheritance for gene: TG was changed from Unknown to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Mendeliome v0.12183 TG Zornitza Stark reviewed gene: TG: Rating: GREEN; Mode of pathogenicity: None; Publications: 33832185, 19169491, 28620499, 18631008, 12915634; Phenotypes: Thyroid dyshormonogenesis 3, MIM# 274700; Mode of inheritance: BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Mendeliome v0.11717 ACTG1 Elena Savva Publications for gene: ACTG1 were set to
Mendeliome v0.11718 ACTG1 Elena Savva Phenotypes for gene: ACTG1 were changed from to Baraitser-Winter syndrome 2 MIM#614583; Deafness, autosomal dominant 20/26 MIM#604717
Mendeliome v0.11717 ACTG1 Elena Savva Mode of pathogenicity for gene: ACTG1 was changed from to Other
Mendeliome v0.11717 ACTG1 Elena Savva Marked gene: ACTG1 as ready
Mendeliome v0.11717 ACTG1 Elena Savva Gene: actg1 has been classified as Green List (High Evidence).
Mendeliome v0.11717 ACTG1 Elena Savva Mode of inheritance for gene: ACTG1 was changed from Unknown to MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted
Mendeliome v0.11716 ACTG1 Elena Savva reviewed gene: ACTG1: Rating: GREEN; Mode of pathogenicity: Other; Publications: PMID: 29620237; Phenotypes: Baraitser-Winter syndrome 2MIM#614583, Deafness, autosomal dominant 20/26 MIM#604717; Mode of inheritance: MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted
Mendeliome v0.11377 ITGA7 Zornitza Stark Marked gene: ITGA7 as ready
Mendeliome v0.11377 ITGA7 Zornitza Stark Gene: itga7 has been classified as Green List (High Evidence).
Mendeliome v0.11377 ITGA7 Zornitza Stark Phenotypes for gene: ITGA7 were changed from to Muscular dystrophy, congenital, due to ITGA7 deficiency, MIM# 613204
Mendeliome v0.11376 ITGA7 Zornitza Stark Publications for gene: ITGA7 were set to
Mendeliome v0.11375 ITGA7 Zornitza Stark Mode of inheritance for gene: ITGA7 was changed from Unknown to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Mendeliome v0.11374 ITGA7 Zornitza Stark reviewed gene: ITGA7: Rating: GREEN; Mode of pathogenicity: None; Publications: 34552617, 9590299; Phenotypes: Muscular dystrophy, congenital, due to ITGA7 deficiency, MIM# 613204; Mode of inheritance: BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Mendeliome v0.10983 TGDS Zornitza Stark Marked gene: TGDS as ready
Mendeliome v0.10983 TGDS Zornitza Stark Gene: tgds has been classified as Green List (High Evidence).
Mendeliome v0.10983 TGDS Zornitza Stark Phenotypes for gene: TGDS were changed from to Catel-Manzke syndrome, MIM# 616145
Mendeliome v0.10982 TGDS Zornitza Stark Publications for gene: TGDS were set to
Mendeliome v0.10981 TGDS Zornitza Stark Mode of inheritance for gene: TGDS was changed from Unknown to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Mendeliome v0.10980 TGDS Zornitza Stark reviewed gene: TGDS: Rating: GREEN; Mode of pathogenicity: None; Publications: 25480037; Phenotypes: Catel-Manzke syndrome, MIM# 616145; Mode of inheritance: BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Mendeliome v0.10433 SKI Seb Lunke changed review comment from: Well established gene disease association with craniosynostosis, skeletal, and cardiovascular anomalies, high-arched palate, micrognathia. Inguinal or umbilical hernia also described. Most common skeletal manifestations are arachnodactyly, pectus deformity, camptodactyly, scoliosis.

LoF not fully established on only missense described so far. Some functional work suggest potential GoF for TGF beta signalling, but not conclusive. Not enough evidence so far to go against LoF.; to: Well established gene disease association with craniosynostosis, skeletal, and cardiovascular anomalies, high-arched palate, micrognathia. Inguinal or umbilical hernia also described. Most common skeletal manifestations are arachnodactyly, pectus deformity, camptodactyly, scoliosis.

LoF not fully established as only missense described so far. Some functional work suggest potential GoF for TGF beta signalling, but not conclusive. Not enough evidence so far to go against LoF.
Mendeliome v0.10433 SKI Seb Lunke commented on gene: SKI: Well established gene disease association with craniosynostosis, skeletal, and cardiovascular anomalies, high-arched palate, micrognathia. Inguinal or umbilical hernia also described. Most common skeletal manifestations are arachnodactyly, pectus deformity, camptodactyly, scoliosis.

LoF not fully established on only missense described so far. Some functional work suggest potential GoF for TGF beta signalling, but not conclusive. Not enough evidence so far to go against LoF.
Mendeliome v0.10044 ECM1 Zornitza Stark changed review comment from: PMID: 11929856 - Hamada et al 2002 - looked at 6 different unrelated consanguineous families (from Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, Pakistan, The Netherlands, UK, and a group of South African families with a probable common ancestor) with a clinical diagnosis of Lipoid proteinosis (LP)/Urbach–Wiethe disease. They performed a genome-wide linkage analysis and identified a region and then looked at the expression of candidate genes in fibroblasts from patients compared to controls. ECM1 was found to have lower expression levels. 6 homozygous deletion variants were identified in the patients. In one family they established that the parents were heterozygous for the variant.

PMID: 28720532 - Afifi et al 2017 - studied 12 patients from 10 unrelated consanguineous Egyptian families with a clinical diagnosis of lipoid proteinosis. The patients reported progressive hoarseness of voice and easily damaged skin by minor trauma or friction. Homozygous ECM1 variants were detected in affected members in all families: 1 family had a missense variant, 5 families had splice site variants and 4 families had indels predicted to cause frameshifts. Parents were found to be heterozygous for the variants.

PMID: 33159951 - Zhu et al 2021 - a novel homozygous three-nucleotide duplication (c.506_508dupCTG) in ECM in two siblings affected with LP from a consanguineous Chinese family.; to: Lipoid proteinosis of Urbach and Wiethe is a rare autosomal recessive disorder typified by generalized thickening of skin, mucosae, and certain viscera. Classic features include beaded eyelid papules and laryngeal infiltration leading to hoarseness. The disorder is clinically heterogeneous, with affected individuals displaying differing degrees of skin scarring and infiltration, variable signs of hoarseness and respiratory distress, and in some cases neurologic abnormalities such as temporal lobe epilepsy. Histologically, there is widespread deposition of hyaline (glycoprotein) material and disruption/reduplication of basement membrane

PMID: 11929856 - Hamada et al 2002 - looked at 6 different unrelated consanguineous families (from Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, Pakistan, The Netherlands, UK, and a group of South African families with a probable common ancestor) with a clinical diagnosis of Lipoid proteinosis (LP)/Urbach–Wiethe disease. They performed a genome-wide linkage analysis and identified a region and then looked at the expression of candidate genes in fibroblasts from patients compared to controls. ECM1 was found to have lower expression levels. 6 homozygous deletion variants were identified in the patients. In one family they established that the parents were heterozygous for the variant.

PMID: 28720532 - Afifi et al 2017 - studied 12 patients from 10 unrelated consanguineous Egyptian families with a clinical diagnosis of lipoid proteinosis. The patients reported progressive hoarseness of voice and easily damaged skin by minor trauma or friction. Homozygous ECM1 variants were detected in affected members in all families: 1 family had a missense variant, 5 families had splice site variants and 4 families had indels predicted to cause frameshifts. Parents were found to be heterozygous for the variants.

PMID: 33159951 - Zhu et al 2021 - a novel homozygous three-nucleotide duplication (c.506_508dupCTG) in ECM in two siblings affected with LP from a consanguineous Chinese family.
Mendeliome v0.9018 ITGA8 Zornitza Stark Marked gene: ITGA8 as ready
Mendeliome v0.9018 ITGA8 Zornitza Stark Gene: itga8 has been classified as Green List (High Evidence).
Mendeliome v0.9018 ITGA8 Zornitza Stark Phenotypes for gene: ITGA8 were changed from to Renal hypodysplasia/aplasia 1, MIM# 191830
Mendeliome v0.9017 ITGA8 Zornitza Stark Publications for gene: ITGA8 were set to
Mendeliome v0.9016 ITGA8 Zornitza Stark Mode of inheritance for gene: ITGA8 was changed from Unknown to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Mendeliome v0.9015 ITGA8 Zornitza Stark reviewed gene: ITGA8: Rating: GREEN; Mode of pathogenicity: None; Publications: 24439109; Phenotypes: Renal hypodysplasia/aplasia 1, MIM# 191830; Mode of inheritance: BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Mendeliome v0.8972 FAME1 Bryony Thompson STR: FAME1 was added
STR: FAME1 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Expert list
Mode of inheritance for STR: FAME1 was set to BOTH monoallelic and biallelic (but BIALLELIC mutations cause a more SEVERE disease form), autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for STR: FAME1 were set to 30194086; 29507423
Phenotypes for STR: FAME1 were set to Epilepsy, familial adult myoclonic, 1 MIM#601068
Review for STR: FAME1 was set to GREEN
STR: FAME1 was marked as clinically relevant
Added comment: NC_000008.10:g.119379055_119379157TGAAA[X]TAAAA[X]
A heterozygous or homozygous 5-bp expanded TTTCA(n) insertion associated with an upstream 5-bp TTTTA(n) repeat expansion in a noncoding region within intron 4 of the SAMD12 gene, was identified in over 50 Chinese and Japanese families. 4 homozygous cases from 3 families had a more severe phenotype. The TTTTA repeat was present in controls, while the TTTCA was absent and only present in cases (100-3680 repeats reported). RNA toxicity is expected to be the mechanism of disease.
Sources: Expert list
Mendeliome v0.8829 ARF3 Zornitza Stark gene: ARF3 was added
gene: ARF3 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: ARF3 was set to MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted
Publications for gene: ARF3 were set to 34346499
Phenotypes for gene: ARF3 were set to Global developmental delay; Intellectual disability; Seizures; Morphological abnormality of the central nervous system
Review for gene: ARF3 was set to AMBER
Added comment: Sakamoto et al (2021 - PMID: 34346499) provide some evidence that monoallelic ARF3 pathogenic variants may be associated with a NDD with brain abnormality.

Using trio exome sequencing, the authors identified 2 individuals with NDD harboring de novo ARF3 variants, namely: NM_001659.2:c.200A>T / p.Asp67Val and c.296G>T / p.Arg99Leu.

Individual 1 (with Asp67Val / age : 4y10m), appeared to be more severelely affected with prenatal onset progressive microcephaly, severe global DD, epilepsy. Upon MRI there was cerebellar and brainstem atrophy. Individual 2 (Arg99Leu / 14y) had severe DD and ID (IQ of 23), epilepsy and upon MRI cerebellar hypoplasia. This subject did not exhibit microcephaly. Common facial features incl. broad nose, full cheeks, small philtrum, strabismus, thin upper lips and abnormal jaw. There was no evidence of systemic involvement in both.

ARF3 encodes ADP-ribosylation factor 3. Adenosine diphosphate ribosylation factors (ARFs) are key proteins for regulation of cargo sorting at the Golgi network, with ARF3 mainly working at the trans-Golgi network. ARFs belong to the small GTP-binding protein (G protein) superfamily. ARF3 switches between an active GTP-bound form and an inactive GDP-bound form, regulated by guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) and GTPase activating proteins (GAPs) respectively.

Members of the ARF superfamily regulate various aspects of membrane traffic, among others in neurons.

There are 5 homologs of ARF families, divided in 3 classes. ARF3 and ARF1 belong to class I. Monoallelic ARF1 mutations are associated with Periventricular nodular heterotopia 8 (MIM 618185).

In vivo, in vitro and in silico studies for the 2 variants suggest that both impair the Golgi transport system although each variant most likely exerts a different effect (gain-of-function for Arg99Leu vs loss-of-function/dominant-negative for Asp67Val).

This was also reflected in somewhat different phenotype of the subjects with the respective variants. Common features included severe DD, epilepsy and brain abnormalities although Asp67Val was associated with diffuse brain atrophy as well as congenital microcephaly and Arg99Leu with cerebellar hypoplasia.

Evidence to support the effect of each variant include:

Arg99Leu:
Had identical Golgi localization to that of wt
Had increased binding activity with GGA1, a protein recruited by the GTP-bound active form of ARF3 to the TGN membrane (supporting GoF)
In silico structural analysis suggested it may fail to stabilize the conformation of Asp26, resulting in impaired GTP hydrolysis (GoF).
In transgenic fruit flies, evaluation of the ARF3 variant toxicity using the rough eye phenotype this variant was associated with increased severity of the r-e phenotype similar to a previously studied GoF variant (Gln71Leu)

Asp67Val:
Did not show a Golgi-like pattern of localization (similar to Thr31Asn a previously studied dominant-negative variant)
Displayed decreased protein stability
In silico structural analysis suggested that Asp67Val may lead to compromised binding of GTP or GDP (suggestive of LoF)
In transgenic Drosophila eye-specific expression of Asp67Val (similar to Thr31Asn, a known dominant-negative variant) was lethal possibly due to high toxicity in very small amounts in tissues outside the eye.

There is no associated phenotype in OMIM, G2P or SysID.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.8781 ITGB6 Zornitza Stark Marked gene: ITGB6 as ready
Mendeliome v0.8781 ITGB6 Zornitza Stark Gene: itgb6 has been classified as Green List (High Evidence).
Mendeliome v0.8781 ITGB6 Zornitza Stark Classified gene: ITGB6 as Green List (high evidence)
Mendeliome v0.8781 ITGB6 Zornitza Stark Gene: itgb6 has been classified as Green List (High Evidence).
Mendeliome v0.8780 ITGB6 Zornitza Stark gene: ITGB6 was added
gene: ITGB6 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Expert Review
Mode of inheritance for gene: ITGB6 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: ITGB6 were set to 25431241; 26695873; 24305999; 24319098
Phenotypes for gene: ITGB6 were set to Amelogenesis imperfecta, type IH, MIM# 616221
Review for gene: ITGB6 was set to GREEN
Added comment: At least 3 unrelated families reported.
Sources: Expert Review
Mendeliome v0.8515 ITGB2 Zornitza Stark Marked gene: ITGB2 as ready
Mendeliome v0.8515 ITGB2 Zornitza Stark Gene: itgb2 has been classified as Green List (High Evidence).
Mendeliome v0.8515 ITGB2 Zornitza Stark Phenotypes for gene: ITGB2 were changed from to Leukocyte adhesion deficiency, MIM# 116920
Mendeliome v0.8514 ITGB2 Zornitza Stark Publications for gene: ITGB2 were set to
Mendeliome v0.8513 ITGB2 Zornitza Stark Mode of inheritance for gene: ITGB2 was changed from Unknown to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Mendeliome v0.8512 ITGB2 Zornitza Stark reviewed gene: ITGB2: Rating: GREEN; Mode of pathogenicity: None; Publications: 1968911, 1694220, 33957747, 32279896, 31374327; Phenotypes: Leukocyte adhesion deficiency, MIM# 116920; Mode of inheritance: BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Mendeliome v0.8332 ACTG2 Zornitza Stark Phenotypes for gene: ACTG2 were changed from Visceral myopathy, MIM#155310 to Visceral myopathy, MIM#155310; Megacystis-microcolon-intestinal hypoperistalsis syndrome 5, MIM# 619431
Mendeliome v0.8331 ACTG2 Zornitza Stark edited their review of gene: ACTG2: Changed phenotypes: Visceral myopathy, MIM#155310, Megacystis-microcolon-intestinal hypoperistalsis syndrome 5, MIM# 619431
Mendeliome v0.8318 ATG7 Zornitza Stark Marked gene: ATG7 as ready
Mendeliome v0.8318 ATG7 Zornitza Stark Gene: atg7 has been classified as Green List (High Evidence).
Mendeliome v0.8318 ATG7 Zornitza Stark Classified gene: ATG7 as Green List (high evidence)
Mendeliome v0.8318 ATG7 Zornitza Stark Gene: atg7 has been classified as Green List (High Evidence).
Mendeliome v0.8317 ATG7 Zornitza Stark gene: ATG7 was added
gene: ATG7 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: ATG7 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: ATG7 were set to 34161705
Phenotypes for gene: ATG7 were set to Spinocerebellar ataxia, SCAR31, MIM#619422
Review for gene: ATG7 was set to GREEN
Added comment: 12 individuals from 5 unrelated families reported with a complex neurodevelopmental disorder and bi-allelic variants in this gene. Age range from 21 months to 71 years of age. Main clinical features included axial hypotonia, variably impaired intellectual development with poor or absent speech, and delayed walking (up to 7 years of age) or inability to walk. All had ataxia, often with tremor or dyskinesia, as well as dysarthria associated with cerebellar hypoplasia on brain imaging. Most had optic atrophy, and some had ptosis, chronic progressive external ophthalmoplegia, retinopathy, and strabismus; 1 had early-onset cataracts. The ore severely affected individuals had spastic paraplegia and inability to walk.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.7804 ITGA2B Zornitza Stark Marked gene: ITGA2B as ready
Mendeliome v0.7804 ITGA2B Zornitza Stark Gene: itga2b has been classified as Green List (High Evidence).
Mendeliome v0.7804 ITGA2B Zornitza Stark Phenotypes for gene: ITGA2B were changed from to Bleeding disorder, platelet-type, 16, MIM# 187800; MONDO:000855; Glanzmann thrombasthaenia 1, MIM# 273800
Mendeliome v0.7803 ITGA2B Zornitza Stark Publications for gene: ITGA2B were set to
Mendeliome v0.7802 ITGA2B Zornitza Stark Mode of inheritance for gene: ITGA2B was changed from Unknown to BOTH monoallelic and biallelic, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Mendeliome v0.7801 ITGA2B Zornitza Stark reviewed gene: ITGA2B: Rating: GREEN; Mode of pathogenicity: None; Publications: 1638023, 21454453, 8282784, 16463284; Phenotypes: Bleeding disorder, platelet-type, 16, MIM# 187800, MONDO:000855, Glanzmann thrombasthaenia 1, MIM# 273800; Mode of inheritance: BOTH monoallelic and biallelic, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Mendeliome v0.7464 DPYSL5 Michelle Torres gene: DPYSL5 was added
gene: DPYSL5 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: DPYSL5 was set to MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted
Publications for gene: DPYSL5 were set to 33894126
Phenotypes for gene: DPYSL5 were set to Neurodevelopmental disorder with corpus callosum agenesis and cerebellar abnormalities
Review for gene: DPYSL5 was set to GREEN
Added comment: Nine individuals with brain malformations, including corpus callosum agenesis and/or posterior fossa abnormalities, associated with variable degrees of intellectual disability. The recurrent de novo p.Glu41Lys was found in eight unrelated patients, and a p.Gly47Arg variant was identified in one individual from the first family reported with Ritscher-Schinzel syndrome. Both impaired DPYSL5 function on dendritic outgrowth regulation by preventing the formation of the ternary complex with MAP2 and βIII-tubulin, ultimately leading to abnormal brain development
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.7335 TGIF1 Zornitza Stark Marked gene: TGIF1 as ready
Mendeliome v0.7335 TGIF1 Zornitza Stark Gene: tgif1 has been classified as Green List (High Evidence).
Mendeliome v0.7335 TGIF1 Zornitza Stark Phenotypes for gene: TGIF1 were changed from to Holoprosencephaly 4, MIM# 142946; MONDO:0007734
Mendeliome v0.7334 TGIF1 Zornitza Stark Publications for gene: TGIF1 were set to
Mendeliome v0.7333 TGIF1 Zornitza Stark Mode of inheritance for gene: TGIF1 was changed from Unknown to MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted
Mendeliome v0.7332 TGIF1 Zornitza Stark reviewed gene: TGIF1: Rating: GREEN; Mode of pathogenicity: None; Publications: 10835638, 16323008; Phenotypes: Holoprosencephaly 4, MIM# 142946, MONDO:0007734; Mode of inheritance: MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted
Mendeliome v0.7199 ITGB3 Zornitza Stark Marked gene: ITGB3 as ready
Mendeliome v0.7199 ITGB3 Zornitza Stark Gene: itgb3 has been classified as Green List (High Evidence).
Mendeliome v0.7199 ITGB3 Zornitza Stark Phenotypes for gene: ITGB3 were changed from to Bleeding disorder, platelet-type, 24, MIM#619271; MONDO:0008552
Mendeliome v0.7198 ITGB3 Zornitza Stark Publications for gene: ITGB3 were set to
Mendeliome v0.7197 ITGB3 Zornitza Stark Mode of inheritance for gene: ITGB3 was changed from Unknown to MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted
Mendeliome v0.7196 ITGB3 Zornitza Stark reviewed gene: ITGB3: Rating: GREEN; Mode of pathogenicity: None; Publications: 18065693, 19336737, 20081061, 23253071; Phenotypes: Bleeding disorder, platelet-type, 24, MIM#619271, MONDO:0008552; Mode of inheritance: MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted
Mendeliome v0.7097 GNPTG Zornitza Stark Marked gene: GNPTG as ready
Mendeliome v0.7097 GNPTG Zornitza Stark Gene: gnptg has been classified as Green List (High Evidence).
Mendeliome v0.7097 GNPTG Zornitza Stark Phenotypes for gene: GNPTG were changed from to Mucolipidosis III gamma, MIM# 252605; MONDO:0009652
Mendeliome v0.7096 GNPTG Zornitza Stark Publications for gene: GNPTG were set to
Mendeliome v0.7095 GNPTG Zornitza Stark Mode of inheritance for gene: GNPTG was changed from Unknown to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Mendeliome v0.7094 GNPTG Zornitza Stark reviewed gene: GNPTG: Rating: GREEN; Mode of pathogenicity: None; Publications: 10712439, 19370764, 19659762, 33507475, 33023972, 32651481; Phenotypes: Mucolipidosis III gamma, MIM# 252605, MONDO:0009652; Mode of inheritance: BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Mendeliome v0.6893 IPO8 Zornitza Stark gene: IPO8 was added
gene: IPO8 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Expert Review
Mode of inheritance for gene: IPO8 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Phenotypes for gene: IPO8 were set to Loeys-Dietz syndrome-like; cardiovascular, neurologic, skeletal and immunologic abnormalities
Review for gene: IPO8 was set to AMBER
Added comment: 12 individuals from 9 unrelated families in a cohort submitted for publication with bi-allelic IPO8 variants. Variants were nonsense/splice and some missense. Patients displayed a phenotype reminiscent of Loeys Dietz syndrome that variably combined cardiovascular, neurologic, skeletal and immunologic abnormalities along with dysmorphic features. Western blot on patient cells (4 individuals) showed reduced IPO8 expression. Disruption of IPO8 homologue in zebrafish associated with cardiac anomalies. Transcriptome analysis in zebrafish showed that IPO8-deficient zebrafish had abnormal TGFbeta pathway expression.
Sources: Expert Review
Mendeliome v0.6846 HDL2 Bryony Thompson STR: HDL2 was added
STR: HDL2 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Expert list
Mode of inheritance for STR: HDL2 was set to MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted
Publications for STR: HDL2 were set to 20301701
Phenotypes for STR: HDL2 were set to Huntington disease-like 2 MIM#606438
Review for STR: HDL2 was set to GREEN
STR: HDL2 was marked as clinically relevant
Added comment: NM_001271604.2:c.431CTG[X] or NM_020655.4:c.382+760CTG[X]
In an alternatively spliced exon, the repeat can be transcribed in both directions, leading to CUG (more common) or CAG (less common) repeat-containing transcripts. While a dominant RNA toxic effect may occur, the repeat expansion also reduces levels of the Junctophilin-3 protein
Normal: ≤28 repeats
Questionable significance: 29-39 repeats, mutable normal or reduced penetrance included
Full penetrance: ≥40 repeats
Sources: Expert list
Mendeliome v0.6843 DM2 Bryony Thompson STR: DM2 was added
STR: DM2 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Expert list
Mode of inheritance for STR: DM2 was set to MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted
Publications for STR: DM2 were set to 20301639; 29325606
Phenotypes for STR: DM2 were set to Myotonic dystrophy 2 MIM#602668
Review for STR: DM2 was set to GREEN
STR: DM2 was marked as clinically relevant
Added comment: HGVS nomenclature: NM_003418.4:c.-14-833_-14-830[X]
Toxic gain of function RNA expected mechanism of disease
Normal: ≤30 uninterrupted CCTG repeats, 11-26 CCTG repeats with any GCTC or TCTG interruptions
Unknown significance (normal vs. mutable): 27-29 CCTG repeats
Mutable normal (premutation) alleles. ~30-~54 CCTG repeats
Unknown significance (premutation vs pathogenic): ~55-74 CCTG repeats
Pathogenic: ~75-11,000 CCTG repeats
Sources: Expert list
Mendeliome v0.6842 CNBP Bryony Thompson Added comment: Comment on list classification: Condition is caused by a CCTG expansion in intron 1. No reported SNVs or indels reported in association with disease. Present under STRs on this panel
Mendeliome v0.6840 DM1 Bryony Thompson STR: DM1 was added
STR: DM1 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Expert list
Mode of inheritance for STR: DM1 was set to MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted
Publications for STR: DM1 were set to 20301344; 29325606
Phenotypes for STR: DM1 were set to Myotonic dystrophy 1 MIM#160900
Review for STR: DM1 was set to GREEN
STR: DM1 was marked as clinically relevant
Added comment: HGVS nomenclature: NM_001081560.2:c.*224_*226CTG[X]
RNA toxic gain of function is mechanism of disease
Premutation: 35-49 repeats, no clinical signs
Mild: 50-~150 repeats, age of onset 20-70 yrs, clinical signs - cataracts, mild myotonia
Classic: ~100-~1,000 repeats, age of onset 10-30 yrs, clinical signs - weakness, myotonia, cataracts, balding, cardiac arrhythmia
Congenital: >1,000 repeats, age of onset birth-10 yrs , clinical signs - infantile hypotonia, respiratory deficits, intellectual disability, classic signs in adults
Sources: Expert list
Mendeliome v0.6831 SCA36 Bryony Thompson STR: SCA36 was added
STR: SCA36 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Expert list
Mode of inheritance for STR: SCA36 was set to MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted
Publications for STR: SCA36 were set to 25101480
Phenotypes for STR: SCA36 were set to Spinocerebellar ataxia 36 MIM#614153
Review for STR: SCA36 was set to GREEN
STR: SCA36 was marked as clinically relevant
Added comment: NM_006392​.3:c.3+71GGCCTG[X]
Toxic RNA effect is suggested mechanism of disease
Normal: 3-14 repeats
Uncertain significance: 15-650 repeats
Pathogenic: ≥650 repeats
Sources: Expert list
Mendeliome v0.6830 NOP56 Bryony Thompson Added comment: Comment on list classification: A hexanucleotide (GGCCTG) repeat expansion in the first intron of the NOP56 gene is the only reported cause of disease. See STRS
Mendeliome v0.6825 SCA31 Bryony Thompson STR: SCA31 was added
STR: SCA31 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Expert list
Mode of inheritance for STR: SCA31 was set to MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted
Publications for STR: SCA31 were set to 19878914; 31755042
Phenotypes for STR: SCA31 were set to Spinocerebellar ataxia 31 MIM#117210
Review for STR: SCA31 was set to GREEN
STR: SCA31 was marked as clinically relevant
Added comment: Complex repeat insertion (TGGAA)n, (TAGAA)n, (TAAAA)n, (TAAAATAGAA)n, TGGAA is present only in affected cases. Sequencing showed that the insertion consisted of a preceding TCAC sequence, and 3 pentanucleotide repeat components (TGGAA)n, (TAGAA)n, and (TAAAA)n in all patients tested.
2.5-3.8 KB insertion is associated with disease and RNA toxicity expected to be mechanism of disease
Normal and pathogenic cut-offs are based on animal model experiments (PMID: 31755042)
Sources: Expert list
Mendeliome v0.6356 ITGB4 Zornitza Stark Marked gene: ITGB4 as ready
Mendeliome v0.6356 ITGB4 Zornitza Stark Gene: itgb4 has been classified as Green List (High Evidence).
Mendeliome v0.6356 ITGB4 Zornitza Stark Phenotypes for gene: ITGB4 were changed from to Epidermolysis bullosa of hands and feet, MIM# 131800; Epidermolysis bullosa, junctional, non-Herlitz type, MIM# 226650; Epidermolysis bullosa, junctional, with pyloric atresia, MIM# 226730
Mendeliome v0.6355 ITGB4 Zornitza Stark Publications for gene: ITGB4 were set to
Mendeliome v0.6354 ITGB4 Zornitza Stark Mode of inheritance for gene: ITGB4 was changed from Unknown to BOTH monoallelic and biallelic (but BIALLELIC mutations cause a more SEVERE disease form), autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Mendeliome v0.6353 ITGB4 Zornitza Stark reviewed gene: ITGB4: Rating: GREEN; Mode of pathogenicity: None; Publications: 11328943, 9670011, 33225458, 30079450, 29380424, 29198538, 28557647; Phenotypes: Epidermolysis bullosa of hands and feet, MIM# 131800, Epidermolysis bullosa, junctional, non-Herlitz type, MIM# 226650, Epidermolysis bullosa, junctional, with pyloric atresia, MIM# 226730; Mode of inheritance: BOTH monoallelic and biallelic (but BIALLELIC mutations cause a more SEVERE disease form), autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Mendeliome v0.6340 ITGA6 Zornitza Stark Marked gene: ITGA6 as ready
Mendeliome v0.6340 ITGA6 Zornitza Stark Gene: itga6 has been classified as Green List (High Evidence).
Mendeliome v0.6340 ITGA6 Zornitza Stark Phenotypes for gene: ITGA6 were changed from to Epidermolysis bullosa, junctional, with pyloric stenosis, MIM# 226730
Mendeliome v0.6339 ITGA6 Zornitza Stark Publications for gene: ITGA6 were set to
Mendeliome v0.6338 ITGA6 Zornitza Stark Mode of inheritance for gene: ITGA6 was changed from Unknown to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Mendeliome v0.6337 ITGA6 Zornitza Stark reviewed gene: ITGA6: Rating: GREEN; Mode of pathogenicity: None; Publications: 31502654, 27607025, 9158140; Phenotypes: Epidermolysis bullosa, junctional, with pyloric stenosis, MIM# 226730; Mode of inheritance: BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Mendeliome v0.6337 ITGA3 Zornitza Stark Marked gene: ITGA3 as ready
Mendeliome v0.6337 ITGA3 Zornitza Stark Gene: itga3 has been classified as Green List (High Evidence).
Mendeliome v0.6337 ITGA3 Zornitza Stark Phenotypes for gene: ITGA3 were changed from to Interstitial lung disease, nephrotic syndrome, and epidermolysis bullosa, congenital, MIM# 614748
Mendeliome v0.6336 ITGA3 Zornitza Stark Publications for gene: ITGA3 were set to
Mendeliome v0.6335 ITGA3 Zornitza Stark Mode of inheritance for gene: ITGA3 was changed from Unknown to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Mendeliome v0.6334 ITGA3 Zornitza Stark reviewed gene: ITGA3: Rating: GREEN; Mode of pathogenicity: None; Publications: 22512483, 25810266, 27717396, 32198874, 26854491; Phenotypes: Interstitial lung disease, nephrotic syndrome, and epidermolysis bullosa, congenital, MIM# 614748; Mode of inheritance: BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Mendeliome v0.6107 CREB3L3 Bryony Thompson gene: CREB3L3 was added
gene: CREB3L3 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Expert list
Mode of inheritance for gene: CREB3L3 was set to MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted
Publications for gene: CREB3L3 were set to 32580631; 29954705; 27982131; 27291420; 26427795; 21666694
Phenotypes for gene: CREB3L3 were set to Hyperlipidaemia; hypertriglyceridemia
Review for gene: CREB3L3 was set to AMBER
Added comment: PMID: 26427795 - a loss of function variant (c.359delG p.K120fsX20) was identified in 2 affected adult siblings and a 13 yo normotriglyceridemic daughter of one of the siblings.
PMID: 21666694 - Lipoprotein profiles of the families of 4 individuals with CREB3L3 nonsense mutations showed a significantly elevated mean plasma TG level in 11 mutation carriers compared with 5 non-carrier first-degree relatives (9.67 ± 4.70 vs. 1.66 ± 0.55 mM, P = 0.021, Wilcoxon test). 3 of those families have the same variant - Lys245GlufsTer130, which has 126 (281,946 alleles) hets in gnomAD v2.1.
PMID: 32580631 - case-control analysis of nonmonogenic severe hypertriglyceridemia cases (N=265) vs normolipidemic controls (N=477), identified 5 cases with LoF variants (3 of whom had the Lys245GlufsTer130 frameshift) and none in controls. OR 20.2 (95% CI 1.11–366.1) p = 0.002, adjusted p = 0.03.
The frequency of Lys245GlufsTer130 is higher than expected for a dominant disorder, but other loss of function variants have been identified. The gene may be associated with variable penetrance. There are multiple supporting null mouse models with hyperlipidaemia.
Sources: Expert list
Mendeliome v0.5993 TGFBI Zornitza Stark Marked gene: TGFBI as ready
Mendeliome v0.5993 TGFBI Zornitza Stark Gene: tgfbi has been classified as Green List (High Evidence).
Mendeliome v0.5993 TGFBI Zornitza Stark Phenotypes for gene: TGFBI were changed from to Corneal dystrophy, multiple types, MONDO:0000764
Mendeliome v0.5992 TGFBI Zornitza Stark Publications for gene: TGFBI were set to
Mendeliome v0.5991 TGFBI Zornitza Stark Mode of inheritance for gene: TGFBI was changed from Unknown to MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted
Mendeliome v0.5990 TGFBI Zornitza Stark reviewed gene: TGFBI: Rating: GREEN; Mode of pathogenicity: None; Publications: 9054935; Phenotypes: Corneal dystrophy, multiple types, MONDO:0000764; Mode of inheritance: MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted
Mendeliome v0.5236 GFRA1 Zornitza Stark gene: GFRA1 was added
gene: GFRA1 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: GFRA1 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: GFRA1 were set to 33020172
Phenotypes for gene: GFRA1 were set to Renal agenesis
Review for gene: GFRA1 was set to AMBER
Added comment: Two unrelated families reported with bi-allelic LOF variants identified in individuals with bilateral renal agenesis. GFRA1 gene encodes a receptor on the Wolffian duct that regulates ureteric bud outgrowth in the development of a functional renal system.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.4874 ITFG2 Zornitza Stark gene: ITFG2 was added
gene: ITFG2 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: ITFG2 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: ITFG2 were set to 28397838; https://doi.org/10.1038/s41525-020-00150-z
Phenotypes for gene: ITFG2 were set to Neurodevelopmental abnormality; Intellectual disability; Developmental regression; Ataxia
Review for gene: ITFG2 was set to AMBER
Added comment: ITFG2 was suggested to be a candidate gene for autosomal recessive ID in the study by Harripaul et al (2018 - PMID: 28397838). The authors performed microarray and exome sequencing in 192 consanguineous families and identified a homozygous ITGF2 stopgain variant (NM_018463.3:c.472G>T / p.Glu158*) along with 3 additional variants segregating with ID within an investigated family (PK51). Cheema et al (2020 - https://doi.org/10.1038/s41525-020-00150-z) report briefly on a male, born to consanguineous parents presenting with NDD, seizures, regression and ataxia. There was a similarly affected female sibling. Evaluation of ROH revealed a homozygous ITFG2 nonsense variant [NM_018463.3:c.361C>T / p.(Gln121*)]. Families in this study were investigated by trio WES or WGS. Evaluation of data of the same lab revealed 3 additional unrelated subjects with overlapping phenotypes, notably NDD and ataxia. These individuals were - each - homozygous for pLoF variants [NM_018463.3:c.848-1G>A; NM_018463.3:c.704dupC, p.(Ala236fs), NM_018463.3:c.1000_1001delAT, p.(Ile334fs)]. As discussed in OMIM, ITFG2 encodes a subunit of the KICSTOR protein complex, having a role in regulating nutrient sensing by MTOR complex-1 (Wolfson et al 2017 - PMID : 28199306).

Rated Amber as Cheema et al report on diagnostic outcomes and multiple candidate genes as part of a heterogenous cohort and details are therefore limited.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.4402 TGM6 Zornitza Stark Marked gene: TGM6 as ready
Mendeliome v0.4402 TGM6 Zornitza Stark Gene: tgm6 has been classified as Red List (Low Evidence).
Mendeliome v0.4402 TGM6 Zornitza Stark Phenotypes for gene: TGM6 were changed from to Spinocerebellar ataxia 35, MIM# 613908
Mendeliome v0.4401 TGM6 Zornitza Stark Publications for gene: TGM6 were set to
Mendeliome v0.4400 TGM6 Zornitza Stark Mode of inheritance for gene: TGM6 was changed from Unknown to MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted
Mendeliome v0.4399 TGM6 Zornitza Stark Classified gene: TGM6 as Red List (low evidence)
Mendeliome v0.4399 TGM6 Zornitza Stark Gene: tgm6 has been classified as Red List (Low Evidence).
Mendeliome v0.4398 TGM6 Zornitza Stark Tag refuted tag was added to gene: TGM6.
Mendeliome v0.4398 TGM6 Zornitza Stark reviewed gene: TGM6: Rating: RED; Mode of pathogenicity: None; Publications: 30670339, 32426513; Phenotypes: Spinocerebellar ataxia 35, MIM# 613908; Mode of inheritance: MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted
Mendeliome v0.4242 BTG4 Zornitza Stark Phenotypes for gene: BTG4 were changed from Zygotic cleavage failure (ZCF) to Zygotic cleavage failure (ZCF); Oocyte maturation defect, MIM#619009
Mendeliome v0.4241 BTG4 Zornitza Stark reviewed gene: BTG4: Rating: GREEN; Mode of pathogenicity: None; Publications: ; Phenotypes: Oocyte maturation defect, MIM#619009; Mode of inheritance: None
Mendeliome v0.3791 PTGS1 Zornitza Stark Marked gene: PTGS1 as ready
Mendeliome v0.3791 PTGS1 Zornitza Stark Gene: ptgs1 has been classified as Amber List (Moderate Evidence).
Mendeliome v0.3791 PTGS1 Zornitza Stark Classified gene: PTGS1 as Amber List (moderate evidence)
Mendeliome v0.3791 PTGS1 Zornitza Stark Gene: ptgs1 has been classified as Amber List (Moderate Evidence).
Mendeliome v0.3790 PTGS1 Zornitza Stark gene: PTGS1 was added
gene: PTGS1 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Expert list
Mode of inheritance for gene: PTGS1 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: PTGS1 were set to 32299908; 11442478; 27629384; 8562397
Phenotypes for gene: PTGS1 were set to Platelet dysfunction; bleeding
Review for gene: PTGS1 was set to AMBER
Added comment: Single molecularly characterised family reported. However, note at least two previous older reports where deficiency was identified at protein rather than gene level.
Sources: Expert list
Mendeliome v0.3744 ITGA9 Zornitza Stark Marked gene: ITGA9 as ready
Mendeliome v0.3744 ITGA9 Zornitza Stark Gene: itga9 has been classified as Red List (Low Evidence).
Mendeliome v0.3744 ITGA9 Zornitza Stark Classified gene: ITGA9 as Red List (low evidence)
Mendeliome v0.3744 ITGA9 Zornitza Stark Gene: itga9 has been classified as Red List (Low Evidence).
Mendeliome v0.3743 ITGA9 Zornitza Stark reviewed gene: ITGA9: Rating: RED; Mode of pathogenicity: None; Publications: ; Phenotypes: ; Mode of inheritance: None
Mendeliome v0.3245 BTG4 Seb Lunke Marked gene: BTG4 as ready
Mendeliome v0.3245 BTG4 Seb Lunke Gene: btg4 has been classified as Green List (High Evidence).
Mendeliome v0.3245 BTG4 Seb Lunke Classified gene: BTG4 as Green List (high evidence)
Mendeliome v0.3245 BTG4 Seb Lunke Gene: btg4 has been classified as Green List (High Evidence).
Mendeliome v0.3241 BTG4 Ain Roesley edited their review of gene: BTG4: Changed rating: GREEN
Mendeliome v0.3241 BTG4 Ain Roesley gene: BTG4 was added
gene: BTG4 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: BTG4 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: BTG4 were set to PMID: 32502391
Phenotypes for gene: BTG4 were set to Zygotic cleavage failure (ZCF)
Penetrance for gene: BTG4 were set to unknown
Added comment: PMID: 32502391
- 4 affecteds from 4 families including 3 consanguineous families. 3 PTVs + 1 splice.
- in vitro assays in HELA cells showed all PTVs had complete loss of protein. The missense variant had abolished interaction with CNOT7
- In vivo studies further demonstrated that the process of maternal mRNA decay was disrupted in the zygotes of the affected individuals, which provides a mechanistic explanation for the phenotype of ZCF
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.2297 ATG5 Bryony Thompson Classified gene: ATG5 as Amber List (moderate evidence)
Mendeliome v0.2297 ATG5 Bryony Thompson Gene: atg5 has been classified as Amber List (Moderate Evidence).
Mendeliome v0.2296 ATG5 Bryony Thompson gene: ATG5 was added
gene: ATG5 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Expert list
Mode of inheritance for gene: ATG5 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: ATG5 were set to 16625204; 26812546
Phenotypes for gene: ATG5 were set to Spinocerebellar ataxia, autosomal recessive 25 MIM#617584
Review for gene: ATG5 was set to AMBER
Added comment: A homozgyous variant was identified in a single family with two affected siblings. Mice deficient for Atg5 specifically in neural cells and Atg5 null Drosophila develop progressive deficits in motor function.
Sources: Expert list
Mendeliome v0.2099 ITGAM Zornitza Stark Marked gene: ITGAM as ready
Mendeliome v0.2099 ITGAM Zornitza Stark Gene: itgam has been classified as Red List (Low Evidence).
Mendeliome v0.2099 ITGAM Zornitza Stark Classified gene: ITGAM as Red List (low evidence)
Mendeliome v0.2099 ITGAM Zornitza Stark Gene: itgam has been classified as Red List (Low Evidence).
Mendeliome v0.2098 ITGAM Zornitza Stark reviewed gene: ITGAM: Rating: RED; Mode of pathogenicity: None; Publications: ; Phenotypes: ; Mode of inheritance: None
Mendeliome v0.1295 TGM5 Zornitza Stark Marked gene: TGM5 as ready
Mendeliome v0.1295 TGM5 Zornitza Stark Gene: tgm5 has been classified as Green List (High Evidence).
Mendeliome v0.1295 TGM5 Zornitza Stark Phenotypes for gene: TGM5 were changed from to Peeling skin syndrome 2, MIM# 609796
Mendeliome v0.1294 TGM5 Zornitza Stark Publications for gene: TGM5 were set to
Mendeliome v0.1293 TGM5 Zornitza Stark Mode of inheritance for gene: TGM5 was changed from Unknown to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Mendeliome v0.1289 TGM5 Elena Savva reviewed gene: TGM5: Rating: GREEN; Mode of pathogenicity: None; Publications: PMID: 16380904; Phenotypes: Peeling skin syndrome 2; Mode of inheritance: BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Mendeliome v0.674 ACTG2 Zornitza Stark Marked gene: ACTG2 as ready
Mendeliome v0.674 ACTG2 Zornitza Stark Gene: actg2 has been classified as Green List (High Evidence).
Mendeliome v0.674 ACTG2 Zornitza Stark Phenotypes for gene: ACTG2 were changed from to Visceral myopathy, MIM#155310
Mendeliome v0.673 ACTG2 Zornitza Stark Mode of inheritance for gene: ACTG2 was changed from Unknown to MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted
Mendeliome v0.672 ACTG2 Zornitza Stark reviewed gene: ACTG2: Rating: GREEN; Mode of pathogenicity: None; Publications: ; Phenotypes: Visceral myopathy, MIM#155310; Mode of inheritance: MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted
Mendeliome v0.0 TGM6 Zornitza Stark gene: TGM6 was added
gene: TGM6 was added to Mendeliome_VCGS. Sources: Expert Review Green,Victorian Clinical Genetics Services
Mode of inheritance for gene: TGM6 was set to Unknown
Mendeliome v0.0 TGM5 Zornitza Stark gene: TGM5 was added
gene: TGM5 was added to Mendeliome_VCGS. Sources: Expert Review Green,Victorian Clinical Genetics Services
Mode of inheritance for gene: TGM5 was set to Unknown
Mendeliome v0.0 TGM3 Zornitza Stark gene: TGM3 was added
gene: TGM3 was added to Mendeliome_VCGS. Sources: Expert Review Green,Victorian Clinical Genetics Services
Mode of inheritance for gene: TGM3 was set to Unknown
Mendeliome v0.0 TGM1 Zornitza Stark gene: TGM1 was added
gene: TGM1 was added to Mendeliome_VCGS. Sources: Expert Review Green,Victorian Clinical Genetics Services
Mode of inheritance for gene: TGM1 was set to Unknown
Mendeliome v0.0 TGIF1 Zornitza Stark gene: TGIF1 was added
gene: TGIF1 was added to Mendeliome_VCGS. Sources: Expert Review Green,Victorian Clinical Genetics Services
Mode of inheritance for gene: TGIF1 was set to Unknown
Mendeliome v0.0 TGFBI Zornitza Stark gene: TGFBI was added
gene: TGFBI was added to Mendeliome_VCGS. Sources: Expert Review Green,Victorian Clinical Genetics Services
Mode of inheritance for gene: TGFBI was set to Unknown
Mendeliome v0.0 TGFB3 Zornitza Stark gene: TGFB3 was added
gene: TGFB3 was added to Mendeliome_VCGS. Sources: Expert Review Green,Victorian Clinical Genetics Services
Mode of inheritance for gene: TGFB3 was set to Unknown
Mendeliome v0.0 TGFB2 Zornitza Stark gene: TGFB2 was added
gene: TGFB2 was added to Mendeliome_VCGS. Sources: Expert Review Green,Victorian Clinical Genetics Services
Mode of inheritance for gene: TGFB2 was set to Unknown
Mendeliome v0.0 TGFB1 Zornitza Stark gene: TGFB1 was added
gene: TGFB1 was added to Mendeliome_VCGS. Sources: Expert Review Green,Victorian Clinical Genetics Services
Mode of inheritance for gene: TGFB1 was set to Unknown
Mendeliome v0.0 TGDS Zornitza Stark gene: TGDS was added
gene: TGDS was added to Mendeliome_VCGS. Sources: Expert Review Green,Victorian Clinical Genetics Services
Mode of inheritance for gene: TGDS was set to Unknown
Mendeliome v0.0 TG Zornitza Stark gene: TG was added
gene: TG was added to Mendeliome_VCGS. Sources: Expert Review Green,Victorian Clinical Genetics Services
Mode of inheritance for gene: TG was set to Unknown
Mendeliome v0.0 PTGDR Zornitza Stark gene: PTGDR was added
gene: PTGDR was added to Mendeliome_VCGS. Sources: Expert Review Green,Victorian Clinical Genetics Services
Mode of inheritance for gene: PTGDR was set to Unknown
Mendeliome v0.0 ITGB4 Zornitza Stark gene: ITGB4 was added
gene: ITGB4 was added to Mendeliome_VCGS. Sources: Expert Review Green,Victorian Clinical Genetics Services
Mode of inheritance for gene: ITGB4 was set to Unknown
Mendeliome v0.0 ITGB3 Zornitza Stark gene: ITGB3 was added
gene: ITGB3 was added to Mendeliome_VCGS. Sources: Expert Review Green,Victorian Clinical Genetics Services
Mode of inheritance for gene: ITGB3 was set to Unknown
Mendeliome v0.0 ITGB2 Zornitza Stark gene: ITGB2 was added
gene: ITGB2 was added to Mendeliome_VCGS. Sources: Expert Review Green,Victorian Clinical Genetics Services
Mode of inheritance for gene: ITGB2 was set to Unknown
Mendeliome v0.0 ITGAM Zornitza Stark gene: ITGAM was added
gene: ITGAM was added to Mendeliome_VCGS. Sources: Expert Review Green,Victorian Clinical Genetics Services
Mode of inheritance for gene: ITGAM was set to Unknown
Mendeliome v0.0 ITGA9 Zornitza Stark gene: ITGA9 was added
gene: ITGA9 was added to Mendeliome_VCGS. Sources: Expert Review Green,Victorian Clinical Genetics Services
Mode of inheritance for gene: ITGA9 was set to Unknown
Mendeliome v0.0 ITGA8 Zornitza Stark gene: ITGA8 was added
gene: ITGA8 was added to Mendeliome_VCGS. Sources: Expert Review Green,Victorian Clinical Genetics Services
Mode of inheritance for gene: ITGA8 was set to Unknown
Mendeliome v0.0 ITGA7 Zornitza Stark gene: ITGA7 was added
gene: ITGA7 was added to Mendeliome_VCGS. Sources: Expert Review Green,Victorian Clinical Genetics Services
Mode of inheritance for gene: ITGA7 was set to Unknown
Mendeliome v0.0 ITGA6 Zornitza Stark gene: ITGA6 was added
gene: ITGA6 was added to Mendeliome_VCGS. Sources: Expert Review Green,Victorian Clinical Genetics Services
Mode of inheritance for gene: ITGA6 was set to Unknown
Mendeliome v0.0 ITGA3 Zornitza Stark gene: ITGA3 was added
gene: ITGA3 was added to Mendeliome_VCGS. Sources: Expert Review Green,Victorian Clinical Genetics Services
Mode of inheritance for gene: ITGA3 was set to Unknown
Mendeliome v0.0 ITGA2B Zornitza Stark gene: ITGA2B was added
gene: ITGA2B was added to Mendeliome_VCGS. Sources: Expert Review Green,Victorian Clinical Genetics Services
Mode of inheritance for gene: ITGA2B was set to Unknown
Mendeliome v0.0 GNPTG Zornitza Stark gene: GNPTG was added
gene: GNPTG was added to Mendeliome_VCGS. Sources: Expert Review Green,Victorian Clinical Genetics Services
Mode of inheritance for gene: GNPTG was set to Unknown
Mendeliome v0.0 ATG16L1 Zornitza Stark gene: ATG16L1 was added
gene: ATG16L1 was added to Mendeliome_VCGS. Sources: Expert Review Green,Victorian Clinical Genetics Services
Mode of inheritance for gene: ATG16L1 was set to Unknown
Mendeliome v0.0 ACTG2 Zornitza Stark gene: ACTG2 was added
gene: ACTG2 was added to Mendeliome_VCGS. Sources: Expert Review Green,Victorian Clinical Genetics Services
Mode of inheritance for gene: ACTG2 was set to Unknown
Mendeliome v0.0 ACTG1 Zornitza Stark gene: ACTG1 was added
gene: ACTG1 was added to Mendeliome_VCGS. Sources: Expert Review Green,Victorian Clinical Genetics Services
Mode of inheritance for gene: ACTG1 was set to Unknown