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| Prepair 1000+ v1.1566 | SLC6A5 |
Andrew Coventry changed review comment from: Affected individuals cab present with neonatal hypertonia, an exaggerated startle response to tactile or acoustic stimuli, and life-threatening neonatal apnea episodes. In some cases, symptoms resolved in the first year of life (PMID: 16751771). Well established gene-disease association, especially for bi-allelic variants, including animal model. AD association also reported, however, limited evidence in literature for mono-allelic cause of disease.; to: Affected individuals can present with neonatal hypertonia, an exaggerated startle response to tactile or acoustic stimuli, and life-threatening neonatal apnea episodes. In some cases, symptoms resolved in the first year of life (PMID: 16751771). Well established gene-disease association, especially for bi-allelic variants, including animal model. AD association also reported, however, limited evidence in literature for mono-allelic cause of disease. |
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| Prepair 1000+ v1.1460 | MED23 | Andrew Coventry changed review comment from: Intellectual developmental disorder, autosomal recessive 18, with or without epilepsy is a syndromic intellectual disability, including early onset epilepsy, spasticity, microcephaly and, less frequently, delayed myelination and thin corpus callosum. Variants in MED23 have been reported in at least 11 affected individuals from at least 6 unrelated families. Congenital/early onset. Functional studies and animal models present.; to: Intellectual developmental disorder, autosomal recessive 18, with or without epilepsy is a syndromic intellectual disability, including early onset epilepsy, spasticity, microcephaly and, less frequently, delayed myelination and thin corpus callosum. Variants in MED23 have been reported in at least 11 affected individuals from at least 6 unrelated families. Congenital/early onset. Functional studies and animal models present. Variants reported include nonsense and missense. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Prepair 1000+ v1.1357 | DCLRE1C |
Lauren Thomas changed review comment from: The majority of individuals present within the first months of life with oral thrush, diarrhea, fever, pneumonia, and/or failure to thrive as well as hypogammmaglobulinaemia, absent T and B lymphocytes and increased radiosensitivity. Homozygous and compound heterozygous (missense, in-frame indel, nonsense, frameshift, and large deletion) variants have been reported; with the most common being gross deletions exons 1-3. *c.597C>A p.Tyr199X founder variant (Athabascan/ European Origin) HGNC approved symbol/name: DCLRE1C Is the phenotype(s) severe and onset <18yo? Yes Known technical challenges: ?most common variant is a deletion Gene reported in 3 independent families: Yes Note: ClinGen groups the 2 OMIM phenotypes into "severe combined immunodeficiency due to DCLRE1C deficiency"; to: The majority of individuals present within the first months of life with oral thrush, diarrhea, fever, pneumonia, and/or failure to thrive as well as hypogammmaglobulinaemia, absent T and B lymphocytes and increased radiosensitivity. Homozygous and compound heterozygous (missense, in-frame indel, nonsense, frameshift, and large deletion) variants have been reported; with the most common being gross deletions exons 1-3 (~59%) *c.597C>A p.Tyr199X founder variant (Athabascan/ European Origin) HGNC approved symbol/name: DCLRE1C Is the phenotype(s) severe and onset <18yo? Yes Known technical challenges: ?most common variant is a deletion Gene reported in 3 independent families: Yes Note: ClinGen groups the 2 OMIM phenotypes into "severe combined immunodeficiency due to DCLRE1C deficiency" |
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| Prepair 1000+ v1.1268 | GJA1 |
Michelle Torres changed review comment from: The GJA1 gene is associated with both AD & AR conditions (OMIM). For carrier screening testing, the only relevant conditions are the AR disorders: Craniometaphyseal dysplasia MIM#218400; Oculodentodigital dysplasia MIM#257850. Craniometaphyseal dysplasia (CMD) is a rare sclerosing skeletal disorder with progressive hyperostosis of craniofacial bones. Characteristic ocular and dental features of ODDD as well as syndactyly are absent in patients with CMD (PMID: 23951358). Reports are rare and individuals are homozygous for the p.(Arg239Gln), located in the C-terminus of the GJA1 gene; at least 4x families reported (PMID: 23951358). Oculodentodigital dysplasia (ODDD) is a rare condition characterised by a typical facial appearance and variable findings of the eyes, teeth, and fingers (PMID: 29902798). ODDD is generally AD (DN and GoF suggested), but rare AR cases have been identified. LoF is associated with AR ODDD (PMID: 29902798), and most variants reported are PTV within the connexin domain (PMID: 34035645). NB: the association with Hypoplastic left heart syndrome 1, MIM#241550 isn't listed in OMIM anymore, variants associated have been re-classified VUS (OMIM). Pfitzer C 2024 concludes that researchers must move beyond the expectation that a single disease-causing variant can be found (PMID 38884762).; to: The GJA1 gene is associated with both AD & AR conditions (OMIM). For carrier screening testing, the only relevant conditions are the AR disorders: Craniometaphyseal dysplasia MIM#218400; Oculodentodigital dysplasia MIM#257850. Craniometaphyseal dysplasia (CMD) is a rare sclerosing skeletal disorder with progressive hyperostosis of craniofacial bones. Characteristic ocular and dental features of ODDD as well as syndactyly are absent in patients with CMD (PMID: 23951358). Reports are rare and individuals are homozygous for the p.(Arg239Gln), located in the C-terminus of the GJA1 gene; at least 4x families reported (PMID: 23951358). Oculodentodigital dysplasia (ODDD) is a rare condition characterised by a typical facial appearance and variable findings of the eyes, teeth, and fingers (PMID: 29902798). ODDD is generally AD (DN and GoF suggested), but rare AR cases have been identified. LoF is associated with AR ODDD (PMID: 29902798), and most variants reported are PTV within the connexin domain (PMID: 34035645). NB: the association with Hypoplastic left heart syndrome 1, MIM#241550 isn't listed in OMIM anymore, variants associated have been re-classified VUS (OMIM; PMID 38884762). |
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| Prepair 1000+ v1.992 | STIL |
Ee Ming Wong changed review comment from: - More than 10 unrelated families reported. - Onset at birth - PMID: 24485834; 29352115: Complete loss of STIL is not compatible with life. Genetic mutations in human STIL result in 1. residual expression or 2. stabilization of STIL: PTCs that delete of the critical C-terminal KEN Box domain involved in Anaphase-Promoting-Complex/Cyclosome (APC/C)-mediated degradation of STIL5 were shown to result in mutant STIL stabilization and accumulation and subsequent centriole amplification. Demonstrated for p.(Val1219X) and p.(Gln1239X), suggested gain of function.; to: - More than 10 unrelated families reported. - Onset at birth - PMID: 24485834; 29352115: Complete loss of STIL is not compatible with life. Genetic mutations in human STIL result in 1. residual expression or 2. stabilization of mutant STIL: PTCs that delete of the critical C-terminal KEN Box domain involved in Anaphase-Promoting-Complex/Cyclosome (APC/C)-mediated degradation of STIL5 were shown to result in mutant STIL stabilization and accumulation and subsequent centriole amplification. Demonstrated for p.(Val1219X) and p.(Gln1239X), suggested gain of function. |
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| Prepair 1000+ v1.992 | TBX22 |
Ee Ming Wong changed review comment from: 1. Cleft palate with ankyloglossia (MIM# 303400) - More than 10 families reported with cleft palate/ankyloglossia and variants in this gene. - PMID:36901693 - Characterised by a cleft palate phenotype that is most often present in males and ranges from a high-arched palate, bifid uvula, submucous cleft palate, soft cleft palate, to complete cleft palate - OMIM, PMID:36901693 - Ankyloglossia/ bifid uvula/cleft palate reported in heterozygous females - Overall mild phenotype although PMID: 21375406 describes 1x TBX22 hemizygous individual with unilateral complete cleft lip and palate, ankyloglossia, hypodontia of the left maxillary second premolar, carpal bone anomalies, and hypoplastic thumb of the right hand. No other genes were tested. 2. Abruzzo-Erickson syndrome, MIM# 302905 PMID:22784330 - Single family reported with Abruzzo-Erickson syndrome, a syndromic form of cleft palate. Did not find additional reports on this phenotype; to: 1. Cleft palate with ankyloglossia (MIM# 303400) - More than 10 families reported with cleft palate/ankyloglossia and variants in this gene. - PMID:36901693 - Characterised by a cleft palate phenotype that is most often present in males and ranges from a high-arched palate, bifid uvula, submucous cleft palate, soft cleft palate, to complete cleft palate - OMIM, PMID:36901693 - Ankyloglossia/ bifid uvula/cleft palate reported in heterozygous females - Overall mild phenotype although PMID: 21375406 describes 1x TBX22 hemizygous individual with unilateral complete cleft lip and palate, ankyloglossia, hypodontia of the left maxillary second premolar, carpal bone anomalies, and hypoplastic thumb of the right hand. No other genes were tested. 2. Abruzzo-Erickson syndrome, MIM# 302905 PMID:22784330 - Single family reported with Abruzzo-Erickson syndrome, a syndromic form of cleft palate. Did not find additional reports on this phenotype |
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| Prepair 1000+ v1.992 | ELP1 |
Clare Hunt changed review comment from: From OMIM; Hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathy type III (HSAN3) is an autosomal recessive neurodegenerative disorder with onset soon after birth. Affected individuals show progressive symptoms resulting from depletion of sensory proprioceptive and autonomic neurons. Features include gastrointestinal dysfunction, gastroesophageal reflux, vomiting crises, recurrent pneumonia, seizures, gait abnormalities with loss of ambulation, kyphoscoliosis, postural hypotension, hypertension crises, absence of fungiform papillae on the tongue, decreased deep tendon reflexes, defective lacrimation, and impaired pain and temperature perception. The disorder is inevitably fatal, with only 50% of patients reaching 40 years of age. HSAN3 has a high carrier frequency in the Ashkenazi Jewish population (summary by Morini et al., 2016). Gene previously referred to as IKBKAP gene (ELP1; 603722) located on chromosome 9q31. Also previously referred to as Riley-Day syndrome. From Mendeliome; AR dysautonomia: the condition is predominantly caused by homozygosity of c.2204+6T>C (major familial dysautonomia AJ haplotype - causes tissue-specific exon 20 skipping) in Ashkenazi Jewish individuals. Other variants have been reported in association with the disease.; to: From OMIM; Hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathy type III (HSAN3) is an autosomal recessive neurodegenerative disorder with onset soon after birth. Affected individuals show progressive symptoms resulting from depletion of sensory proprioceptive and autonomic neurons. Features include gastrointestinal dysfunction, gastroesophageal reflux, vomiting crises, recurrent pneumonia, seizures, gait abnormalities with loss of ambulation, kyphoscoliosis, postural hypotension, hypertension crises, absence of fungiform papillae on the tongue, decreased deep tendon reflexes, defective lacrimation, and impaired pain and temperature perception. The disorder is inevitably fatal, with only 50% of patients reaching 40 years of age. HSAN3 has a high carrier frequency in the Ashkenazi Jewish population (summary by Morini et al., 2016). Gene previously referred to as IKBKAP gene (ELP1; 603722) located on chromosome 9q31. From Mendeliome; AR dysautonomia: the condition is predominantly caused by homozygosity of c.2204+6T>C (major familial dysautonomia AJ haplotype - causes tissue-specific exon 20 skipping) in Ashkenazi Jewish individuals. Other variants have been reported in association with the disease. |
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| Prepair 1000+ v1.992 | ELP1 |
Clare Hunt changed review comment from: From OMIM; Hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathy type III (HSAN3) is an autosomal recessive neurodegenerative disorder with onset soon after birth. Affected individuals show progressive symptoms resulting from depletion of sensory proprioceptive and autonomic neurons. Features include gastrointestinal dysfunction, gastroesophageal reflux, vomiting crises, recurrent pneumonia, seizures, gait abnormalities with loss of ambulation, kyphoscoliosis, postural hypotension, hypertension crises, absence of fungiform papillae on the tongue, decreased deep tendon reflexes, defective lacrimation, and impaired pain and temperature perception. The disorder is inevitably fatal, with only 50% of patients reaching 40 years of age. HSAN3 has a high carrier frequency in the Ashkenazi Jewish population (summary by Morini et al., 2016). Gene previously referred to as IKBKAP gene (ELP1; 603722) located on chromosome 9q31. Also previously referred to as Riley-Day syndrome.; to: From OMIM; Hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathy type III (HSAN3) is an autosomal recessive neurodegenerative disorder with onset soon after birth. Affected individuals show progressive symptoms resulting from depletion of sensory proprioceptive and autonomic neurons. Features include gastrointestinal dysfunction, gastroesophageal reflux, vomiting crises, recurrent pneumonia, seizures, gait abnormalities with loss of ambulation, kyphoscoliosis, postural hypotension, hypertension crises, absence of fungiform papillae on the tongue, decreased deep tendon reflexes, defective lacrimation, and impaired pain and temperature perception. The disorder is inevitably fatal, with only 50% of patients reaching 40 years of age. HSAN3 has a high carrier frequency in the Ashkenazi Jewish population (summary by Morini et al., 2016). Gene previously referred to as IKBKAP gene (ELP1; 603722) located on chromosome 9q31. Also previously referred to as Riley-Day syndrome. From Mendeliome; AR dysautonomia: the condition is predominantly caused by homozygosity of c.2204+6T>C (major familial dysautonomia AJ haplotype - causes tissue-specific exon 20 skipping) in Ashkenazi Jewish individuals. Other variants have been reported in association with the disease. |
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| Prepair 1000+ v1.992 | ISCA1 |
Lauren Thomas changed review comment from: Multiple mitochondrial dysfunctions syndrome-5 (MMDS5) is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized mainly by progressive neurologic deterioration beginning in early infancy. Affected individuals have essentially no psychomotor development and have early-onset seizures with neurologic decline and spasticity. Brain imaging shows severe leukodystrophy with evidence of dys- or delayed myelination. Death usually occurs in early childhood. HGNC approved symbol/name: ISCA1 Is the phenotype(s) severe and onset <18yo? Yes Known technical challenges? No Gene reported in 3 independent families: Yes; to: Multiple mitochondrial dysfunctions syndrome-5 (MMDS5) is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized mainly by progressive neurologic deterioration beginning in early infancy. Affected individuals have essentially no psychomotor development and have early-onset seizures with neurologic decline and spasticity. Brain imaging shows severe leukodystrophy with evidence of dys- or delayed myelination. Death usually occurs in early childhood. HGNC approved symbol/name: ISCA1 Is the phenotype(s) severe and onset <18yo? Yes Known technical challenges? No Gene reported in 3 independent families: Yes Most recent case report: PMID 32092383 (4th independent family) |
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| Prepair 1000+ v1.992 | ISCA1 |
Lauren Thomas changed review comment from: Multiple mitochondrial dysfunctions syndrome-5 (MMDS5) is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized mainly by progressive neurologic deterioration beginning in early infancy. Affected individuals have essentially no psychomotor development and have early-onset seizures with neurologic decline and spasticity. Brain imaging shows severe leukodystrophy with evidence of dys- or delayed myelination. Death usually occurs in early childhood. HGNC approved symbol/name: ISCA1 Is the phenotype(s) severe and onset <18yo? Yes Known technical challenges? No Gene reported in 3 independent families: Yes; to: Multiple mitochondrial dysfunctions syndrome-5 (MMDS5) is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized mainly by progressive neurologic deterioration beginning in early infancy. Affected individuals have essentially no psychomotor development and have early-onset seizures with neurologic decline and spasticity. Brain imaging shows severe leukodystrophy with evidence of dys- or delayed myelination. Death usually occurs in early childhood. HGNC approved symbol/name: ISCA1 Is the phenotype(s) severe and onset <18yo? Yes Known technical challenges? No Gene reported in 3 independent families: Yes |
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| Prepair 1000+ v1.992 | POR |
Ee Ming Wong changed review comment from: - PORD (P450 oxidoreductase deficiency) is associated with disorders of sex development in both sexes, where Antley-Bixler (ABS) syndrome is the name given to the severe form - Skeletal abnormalities of the ABS phenotype are frequently observed in individuals with PORD, characterised by craniosynostosis, brachycephaly, radio-ulnar or radio-humeral synostosis, bowed femora, arachnodactyly, midface hypoplasia, proptosis, and choanal stenosis. The severity of malformations varies from mild to moderate and severe. NB: Only the more severe MIM# has been added to this gene list.; to: - PORD (P450 oxidoreductase deficiency) is associated with disorders of sex development in both sexes, where Antley-Bixler (ABS) syndrome is the name given to the severe form - Skeletal abnormalities of the ABS phenotype are frequently observed in individuals with PORD, characterised by craniosynostosis, brachycephaly, radio-ulnar or radio-humeral synostosis, bowed femora, arachnodactyly, midface hypoplasia, proptosis, and choanal stenosis. The severity of malformations varies from mild to moderate and severe. - Congenital onset NB: Only the more severe MIM# has been added to this gene list. |
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| Prepair 1000+ v1.992 | NMNAT1 |
Ee Ming Wong changed review comment from: Syndromic and non-syndromic causes of LCA are associated with bi-allelic variants in this gene. Non-syndromic LCA: multiple affected families reported, p.Glu257Lys is a common founder variant. Syndromic disorder: three families reported, but two are distantly related (shared haplotype). The affected children in those two families were homozygous for 7.4-kb duplication involving the last 2 exons of the NMNAT1 gene, spanning the beginning of intron 3 to the middle of the 3-prime UTR (chr1:10,036,359-10,043,727, GRCh37). The third affected individual was compound het for the duplication and a splicing variant. Green for non-syndromic LCA (MIM# added to review). No additional affected individuals in the literature (Amber? MIM# has not been added to review).; to: Syndromic and non-syndromic causes of LCA are associated with bi-allelic variants in this gene. Non-syndromic LCA: multiple affected families reported, p.Glu257Lys is a common founder variant. Syndromic disorder: three families reported, but two are distantly related (shared haplotype). The affected children in those two families were homozygous for 7.4-kb duplication involving the last 2 exons of the NMNAT1 gene, spanning the beginning of intron 3 to the middle of the 3-prime UTR (chr1:10,036,359-10,043,727, GRCh37). The third affected individual was compound het for the duplication and a splicing variant. Green for non-syndromic LCA (MIM# added to review). No additional affected individuals in the literature for syndromic LCA (Amber? MIM# has not been added to review). |
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| Prepair 1000+ v1.761 | TPRKB |
Lucy Spencer changed review comment from: Gene is red on Mackenzie's mission panel but the review itself is green and says "Three unrelated families reported with renal-neurologic disease characterized by early-onset nephrotic syndrome associated with microcephaly." this is refering to 3 families all with homozygous missense, p.Lys65Met, p.Tyr149Cys, and p.Leu136Pro. There has been at least one more individual reported PMID: 38628357: a three-year-old male with developmental delay, regression, microcephaly, distinctive facial features, skeletal abnormalities, and epilepsy. He also had relapsing nephrotic proteinuria exacerbated by upper respiratory tract infections and progressive renal function decline. He was compound heterozygous for p.(Ser76IlefsTer3) and c.247C>T, p.(Leu83Phe). Severe early-onset and reported in at least 4 individuals (also green on mendeliome), upgrading to green here.; to: Gene is red on Mackenzie's mission panel but the review itself is green and says "Three unrelated families reported with renal-neurologic disease characterized by early-onset nephrotic syndrome associated with microcephaly." this is refering to 3 families all with homozygous missense, p.Lys65Met, p.Tyr149Cys, and p.Leu136Pro (PMIDs: 28805828, 30053862). There has been at least one more individual reported PMID: 38628357: a three-year-old male with developmental delay, regression, microcephaly, distinctive facial features, skeletal abnormalities, and epilepsy. He also had relapsing nephrotic proteinuria exacerbated by upper respiratory tract infections and progressive renal function decline. He was compound heterozygous for p.(Ser76IlefsTer3) and c.247C>T, p.(Leu83Phe). Severe early-onset and reported in at least 4 individuals (also green on mendeliome), upgrading to green here. |
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| Prepair 1000+ v1.633 | SLC26A2 |
Andrew Coventry changed review comment from: Well established gene disease association causing skeletal abnormalities of varying severity. Variants in this gene have been shown to cause achondrogenesis type 1B, atelosteogenesis type 2, diastrophic dysplasia, and recessive multiple epiphyseal dysplasia, which comprise a spectrum of phenotypes (depending on level of residual sulfate transport). Onset/features can often be observed neonatally. Mouse models present for some phenotypes, and functional studies are present. Homozygosity or compound heterozygosity for stop codons or transmembrane domain substitutions mostly result in achondrogenesis type IB, whereas other structural or regulatory mutations usually result in one of the less severe phenotypes (PMID: 8723100) Unsure of phenotypes to list under condition. Clingen includes curations for: diastrophic dysplasia MONDO:0009107 multiple epiphyseal dysplasia MONDO:0016648 atelosteogenesis type II MONDO:0009727 achondrogenesis type IB MONDO:0010966 OMIM phenotypes (6) listed above.; to: Well established gene disease association causing skeletal abnormalities of varying severity. Variants in this gene have been shown to cause achondrogenesis type 1B, atelosteogenesis type 2, diastrophic dysplasia, and recessive multiple epiphyseal dysplasia, which comprise a spectrum of phenotypes (depending on level of residual sulfate transport). Onset/features can often be observed neonatally. Mouse models present for some phenotypes, and functional studies are present. Homozygosity or compound heterozygosity for stop codons or transmembrane domain substitutions mostly result in achondrogenesis type IB, whereas other structural or regulatory variants usually result in one of the less severe phenotypes (PMID: 8723100) Unsure of phenotypes to list under condition. Clingen includes curations for: diastrophic dysplasia MONDO:0009107 multiple epiphyseal dysplasia MONDO:0016648 atelosteogenesis type II MONDO:0009727 achondrogenesis type IB MONDO:0010966 OMIM phenotypes (6) listed above. |
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| Prepair 1000+ v1.633 | SLC26A2 |
Andrew Coventry changed review comment from: Well established gene disease association causing skeletal abnormalities of varying severity. Variants in this gene have been shown to cause achondrogenesis type 1B, atelosteogenesis type 2, diastrophic dysplasia, and recessive multiple epiphyseal dysplasia, which comprise a spectrum of phenotypes (depending on level of residual sulfate transport). Onset can be neonatal. Mouse models present for some phenotypes, and functional studies are present. Homozygosity or compound heterozygosity for stop codons or transmembrane domain substitutions mostly result in achondrogenesis type IB, whereas other structural or regulatory mutations usually result in one of the less severe phenotypes (PMID: 8723100) Unsure of phenotypes to list under condition. Clingen includes curations for: diastrophic dysplasia MONDO:0009107 multiple epiphyseal dysplasia MONDO:0016648 atelosteogenesis type II MONDO:0009727 achondrogenesis type IB MONDO:0010966 OMIM phenotypes (6) listed above.; to: Well established gene disease association causing skeletal abnormalities of varying severity. Variants in this gene have been shown to cause achondrogenesis type 1B, atelosteogenesis type 2, diastrophic dysplasia, and recessive multiple epiphyseal dysplasia, which comprise a spectrum of phenotypes (depending on level of residual sulfate transport). Onset/features can often be observed neonatally. Mouse models present for some phenotypes, and functional studies are present. Homozygosity or compound heterozygosity for stop codons or transmembrane domain substitutions mostly result in achondrogenesis type IB, whereas other structural or regulatory mutations usually result in one of the less severe phenotypes (PMID: 8723100) Unsure of phenotypes to list under condition. Clingen includes curations for: diastrophic dysplasia MONDO:0009107 multiple epiphyseal dysplasia MONDO:0016648 atelosteogenesis type II MONDO:0009727 achondrogenesis type IB MONDO:0010966 OMIM phenotypes (6) listed above. |
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| Prepair 1000+ v1.592 | GCH1 | Lilian Downie Added comment: Comment when marking as ready: Biallelic variants in GCH1 typically result in severe deficiency of GTPCH activity, and result in hyperphenylalaninemia due to secondary PAH deficiency. This can be identified by newborn screening. However, patients with phenotypes that are intermediate between the classic DRD and severe GTPCH deficiency symptoms have been described, such those with severe DRD and additional neurological features but without hyperphenylalaninemia (for review, see Table in Brüggemann et al 2012, PMID 22473768). Because the mechanism of disease in both the monoallelic and biallelic cases is loss of function of GTPCH, and there is a range of GTPCH activity that can cause disease, the decision was made to curate GCH1 for GTPCH deficiency with semi-dominant inheritance. Note that heterozygous parents of biallelic individuals are usually reported as unaffected, although there are some exceptions (Furukawa et al, 1998, PMID 9667588; Bodzioch et al, 2010, PMID 20842687). Reduced penetrance has been reported for individuals with monoallelic GCH1 variants, with penetrance varying according to age and diagnostic criteria. In addition, some variants (e.g. p.Arg184His and p.Lys224Arg) have been reported in monallelic and biallelic individuals. This data was presented to the ClinGen Lumping and Splitting Working Group on November 3, 2020 and there was agreement that GTPCH deficiency should be curated as a semi-dominant trait, including individuals with monoallelic and biallelic GCH1 variants. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Prepair 1000+ v1.525 | SPG11 |
Lucy Spencer changed review comment from: OMIM: Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 2X (CMT2X) is an autosomal recessive, slowly progressive, axonal peripheral sensorimotor neuropathy characterized by lower limb muscle weakness and atrophy associated with distal sensory impairment and gait difficulties. Some patients also have involvement of the upper limbs. Onset usually occurs in the first 2 decades of life, although later onset can also occur (summary by Montecchiani et al., 2016). Mean age of onset 11.4 years. Hereditary spastic paraplegia (SPG or HSP) is characterized by progressive weakness and spasticity of the lower limbs due to degeneration of corticospinal axons. SPG11 is a form of complicated SPG, in that it has neurologic features in addition to spasticity. ClinGen lumps all 3 conditions under spastic paraplegia 11 Autosomal recessive juvenile amyotrophic lateral sclerosis-5 (ALS5) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by onset of upper and lower motor neuron signs before age 25. Affected individuals have progressive spasticity of limb and facial muscles associated with distal amyotrophy. The disorder is slowly progressive, with cases of prolonged survival of more than 3 decades (summary by Orlacchio et al., 2010).; to: OMIM: Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 2X (CMT2X) is an autosomal recessive, slowly progressive, axonal peripheral sensorimotor neuropathy characterized by lower limb muscle weakness and atrophy associated with distal sensory impairment and gait difficulties. Some patients also have involvement of the upper limbs. Onset usually occurs in the first 2 decades of life, although later onset can also occur (summary by Montecchiani et al., 2016). Mean age of onset 11.4 years. Hereditary spastic paraplegia (SPG or HSP) is characterized by progressive weakness and spasticity of the lower limbs due to degeneration of corticospinal axons. SPG11 is a form of complicated SPG, in that it has neurologic features in addition to spasticity. Autosomal recessive juvenile amyotrophic lateral sclerosis-5 (ALS5) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by onset of upper and lower motor neuron signs before age 25. Affected individuals have progressive spasticity of limb and facial muscles associated with distal amyotrophy. The disorder is slowly progressive, with cases of prolonged survival of more than 3 decades (summary by Orlacchio et al., 2010). These 3 conditions represent a spectrum of disease and ClinGen lumps all 3 conditions under hereditary spastic paraplegia 11 MONDO:0011445 |
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| Prepair 1000+ v1.486 | SPG11 |
Lucy Spencer changed review comment from: OMIM: Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 2X (CMT2X) is an autosomal recessive, slowly progressive, axonal peripheral sensorimotor neuropathy characterized by lower limb muscle weakness and atrophy associated with distal sensory impairment and gait difficulties. Some patients also have involvement of the upper limbs. Onset usually occurs in the first 2 decades of life, although later onset can also occur (summary by Montecchiani et al., 2016). Mean age of onset 11.4 years. Hereditary spastic paraplegia (SPG or HSP) is characterized by progressive weakness and spasticity of the lower limbs due to degeneration of corticospinal axons. SPG11 is a form of complicated SPG, in that it has neurologic features in addition to spasticity. Autosomal recessive juvenile amyotrophic lateral sclerosis-5 (ALS5) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by onset of upper and lower motor neuron signs before age 25. Affected individuals have progressive spasticity of limb and facial muscles associated with distal amyotrophy. The disorder is slowly progressive, with cases of prolonged survival of more than 3 decades (summary by Orlacchio et al., 2010).; to: OMIM: Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 2X (CMT2X) is an autosomal recessive, slowly progressive, axonal peripheral sensorimotor neuropathy characterized by lower limb muscle weakness and atrophy associated with distal sensory impairment and gait difficulties. Some patients also have involvement of the upper limbs. Onset usually occurs in the first 2 decades of life, although later onset can also occur (summary by Montecchiani et al., 2016). Mean age of onset 11.4 years. Hereditary spastic paraplegia (SPG or HSP) is characterized by progressive weakness and spasticity of the lower limbs due to degeneration of corticospinal axons. SPG11 is a form of complicated SPG, in that it has neurologic features in addition to spasticity. ClinGen lumps all 3 conditions under spastic paraplegia 11 Autosomal recessive juvenile amyotrophic lateral sclerosis-5 (ALS5) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by onset of upper and lower motor neuron signs before age 25. Affected individuals have progressive spasticity of limb and facial muscles associated with distal amyotrophy. The disorder is slowly progressive, with cases of prolonged survival of more than 3 decades (summary by Orlacchio et al., 2010). |
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| Prepair 1000+ v1.322 | AARS2 |
Clare Hunt edited their review of gene: AARS2: Added comment: At least 6 families presenting with a severe COXPD phenotype in infancy, primarily with cardiac, muscle and neurological features in addition to lactic acidosis. Further 6 reported with a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterised by loss of motor and cognitive skills, usually with onset in young adulthood. Some had a history of delayed motor development or learning difficulties in early childhood. Neurologic decline was severe, usually resulting in gait difficulties, ataxia, spasticity, and cognitive decline and dementia. Most individuals lost speech and become wheelchair-bound or bedridden. Brain MRI showed progressive white matter signal abnormalities in the deep white matter. Affected females developed premature ovarian failure. These likely represent a spectrum of severity of a single mitochondrial disorder. Created: 29 Aug 2020, 4:55 a.m. | Last Modified: 29 Aug 2020, 4:55 a.m. Panel Version: 0.3999; Changed publications: 27839525 |
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| Prepair 1000+ v1.304 | ERCC2 |
Ee Ming Wong changed review comment from: - Bi-allelic inactivation of XPD protein, a nucleotide excision repair (NER) signaling pathway component encoded by ERCC2 gene, has been associated with several defective DNA repair phenotypes, including xeroderma pigmentosum, photosensitive trichothiodystrophy, and cerebro-oculo-facio-skeletal syndrome. - Severe, early onset of all three phenotypes have been reported - Variable expressivity has been reported for Xeroderma pigmentosum, group D, MIM# 278730 where individuals can present with or without mild or severe neurologic abnormalities (GeneReviews) - OMIM: The location of variants (mutagenic pattern) is consistent in determining the phenotype. Variants shared by both phenotypes are functionally null alleles, and the second / compound heterozygous variant then determines the phenotype. Changes at p.Arg683 are clearly associated with XP, whereas p.Arg112His, p.Arg722Trp, and changes at p.Arg658 are associated with TTD.; to: - Bi-allelic inactivation of XPD protein, a nucleotide excision repair (NER) signaling pathway component encoded by ERCC2 gene, has been associated with several defective DNA repair phenotypes, including xeroderma pigmentosum, photosensitive trichothiodystrophy, and cerebro-oculo-facio-skeletal syndrome. - Severe, early onset of all three phenotypes have been reported - Variable expressivity has been reported for Xeroderma pigmentosum, group D, MIM# 278730 where individuals can present with or without mild or severe neurologic abnormalities (GeneReviews) - OMIM: The location of variants (mutagenic pattern) is consistent in determining the phenotype. Variants shared by both phenotypes are functionally null alleles, and the second / compound heterozygous variant then determines the phenotype. Changes at p.Arg683 are clearly associated with XP, whereas p.Arg112His, p.Arg722Trp, and changes at p.Arg658 are associated with TTD. |
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| Prepair 1000+ v1.248 | GNE |
Andrew Coventry changed review comment from: Nonaka myopathy - Well established gene disease relationship. However, age of onset of myopathy reported to usually occur between age 20 and 40. Marginal for childhood onset condition. Thrombocytopenia - well reported association of affected individuals experiencing bleeding episodes that commence from neonatal to early childhood. Myopathy variably reported in those affected - possibly due to young age of individuals presenting with bleeding symptoms. Myopathy, when reported, occurs at similar age of onset to Nonaka. Publication (25257349) indicates myopathy onset in affected sibs at mid-late teens. Also reported renal complications at age 7. Mouse model for GNE knockout shows renal involvement (PMID: 17549255). Condition reported to have caused cerebral haemorrhages in neonatal period (PMID:29941673). Unsure if phenotypic variability of condition, and isolated bleeding phenotype (as in ClinGen) suitable or adequate for screening context.; to: Nonaka myopathy - Well established gene disease relationship. However, age of onset of myopathy reported to usually occur between age 20 and 40. Myopathy then progresses, usually over ~10 year period to then require wheelchair assistance for mobility. Severe condition but onset is marginal for childhood onset screening context. Thrombocytopenia - well reported association of affected individuals experiencing bleeding episodes that commence from neonatal to early childhood. Myopathy variably reported in those affected - possibly due to young age of individuals presenting with bleeding symptoms. Myopathy, when reported, occurs at similar age of onset to Nonaka. Publication (25257349) indicates myopathy onset in affected sibs at mid-late teens. Also reported renal complications at age 7. Mouse model for GNE knockout shows renal involvement (PMID: 17549255). Condition reported to have caused cerebral haemorrhages in neonatal period (PMID:29941673). Unsure if phenotypic variability of condition, and isolated bleeding phenotype (as in ClinGen) suitable or adequate for screening context. |
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| Prepair 1000+ v1.187 | COLQ |
Marta Cifuentes Ochoa changed review comment from: Patients with congenital myasthenic syndromes present clinically with onset of variable muscle weakness between infancy and adulthood. Well established gene-disease association, more than 10 families reported. HGNC approved symbol/name: COLQ Is the phenotype(s) severe and onset <18yo ? Y Known technical challenges?N; to: Patients with congenital myasthenic syndromes present clinically with onset of variable muscle weakness between infancy and adulthood. Presentations: -neonatal: respiratory insufficiency, multiple joint contractures (often described as arthrogryposis multiplex congenita) resulting from a lack of fetal movement in utero. Feeding difficulties, poor suck and cry, choking spells, eyelid ptosis, and facial, bulbar, and generalized weakness.In some individuals, long face, narrow jaw, and a high-arched palate have been reported -childhood: delayed motr milestones, fluctuating eyelid ptosis and fixed or fluctuating extraocular muscle weakness. Ptosis may involve one or both eyelids. Facial and bulbar weakness with nasal speech and difficulties in coughing and swallowing may be present.Spinal deformity or muscle atrophy may occur -limb-girdle Well established gene-disease association, more than 10 families reported. HGNC approved symbol/name: COLQ Is the phenotype(s) severe and onset <18yo ? Y Known technical challenges?N |
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| Prepair 1000+ v1.168 | YIF1B | Zornitza Stark edited their review of gene: YIF1B: Added comment: DEFINITIVE gene-disease association by ClinGen. Over 20 individuals now reported in the literature.; Changed publications: 33103737, 32006098, 36948290, 34373908 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Prepair 1000+ v1.143 | CSMD1 |
Krithika Murali gene: CSMD1 was added gene: CSMD1 was added to Prepair 1000+. Sources: Literature Mode of inheritance for gene: CSMD1 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal Publications for gene: CSMD1 were set to PMID:38816421 Phenotypes for gene: CSMD1 were set to complex neurodevelopmental disorder MONDO:0100038 Review for gene: CSMD1 was set to GREEN Added comment: PMID 38816421 Werren et al 2024 report 8 individuals from 6 families with biallelic missense CSMD1 variants identified through exome sequencing and subsequent gene-sharing efforts. Shared phenotypic features included: GDD, ID, microcephaly and polymicrogyria. Other features included dysmorphism, IUGR, hypotonia, arthrogryposis, seizures, opthalmological anomalies and other brain white matter anomalies Heterozygous parents were unaffected. Loss of function is the postulated mechanism based on experimental data involving early-stage forebrain organoids differentiated from CSMD1 knockout human embryonic stem cells. ClinGen haploinsufficiency score of 1, however, this curation was last reviewed in 2018. This gene is within the scope of review for the ClinGen Autism and ID GCEP. Sources: Literature |
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| Prepair 1000+ v1.123 | ARMC4 | Lilian Downie Added comment: Comment when marking as ready: Primary ciliary dyskinesia-23 is an autosomal recessive disorder resulting from defective ciliary motility. Affected individuals have respiratory distress and recurrent upper and lower airway infections, and they often develop bronchiectasis. About 50% of patients have situs inversus or laterality defects. Ultrastructural analysis of respiratory cilia shows defects in the outer dynein arm | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Prepair 1000+ v1.43 | ALOXE3 |
Lucy Spencer changed review comment from: HGNC approved symbol/name: ALOXE3 Is the phenotype(s) severe and onset <18yo ? Yes early onset; babyscreen review notes its congenital onset. However this gene causes ichthyosis and OMIM says "Affected individuals have a relatively mild ichthyosis phenotype". Im not sure its severe enough to include here. Discussed 25/07/24- this can be a very severe form of ichthyosis, should be green and remain on this panel Treatments available: No specific treatment available (from babyscreen); to: HGNC approved symbol/name: ALOXE3 Is the phenotype(s) severe and onset <18yo ? Yes early onset; babyscreen review notes its congenital onset. However this gene causes ichthyosis and OMIM says "Affected individuals have a relatively mild ichthyosis phenotype". Im not sure its severe enough to include here. Treatments available: No specific treatment available (from babyscreen) |
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| Prepair 1000+ v1.43 | ALOXE3 |
Lucy Spencer changed review comment from: HGNC approved symbol/name: ALOXE3 Is the phenotype(s) severe and onset <18yo ? Yes early onset; babyscreen review notes its congenital onset. However this gene causes ichthyosis and OMIM says "Affected individuals have a relatively mild ichthyosis phenotype". Im not sure its severe enough to include here. Treatments available: No specific treatment available (from babyscreen); to: HGNC approved symbol/name: ALOXE3 Is the phenotype(s) severe and onset <18yo ? Yes early onset; babyscreen review notes its congenital onset. However this gene causes ichthyosis and OMIM says "Affected individuals have a relatively mild ichthyosis phenotype". Im not sure its severe enough to include here. Discussed 25/07/24- this can be a very severe form of ichthyosis, should be green and remain on this panel Treatments available: No specific treatment available (from babyscreen) |
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| Prepair 1000+ v1.43 | ALOXE3 |
Lucy Spencer changed review comment from: HGNC approved symbol/name: ALOXE3 Is the phenotype(s) severe and onset <18yo ? Yes early onset; babyscreen review notes its congenital onset. However this gene causes ichthyosis and OMIM says "Affected individuals have a relatively mild ichthyosis phenotype". Im not sure its severe enough to include here. Treatments available: No specific treatment available (from babyscreen) Known technical challenges? Y; to: HGNC approved symbol/name: ALOXE3 Is the phenotype(s) severe and onset <18yo ? Yes early onset; babyscreen review notes its congenital onset. However this gene causes ichthyosis and OMIM says "Affected individuals have a relatively mild ichthyosis phenotype". Im not sure its severe enough to include here. Treatments available: No specific treatment available (from babyscreen) |
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| Prepair 1000+ v1.5 | ADPRHL2 |
Zornitza Stark changed review comment from: Fourteen unrelated families reported with stress-induced childhood-onset neurodegeneration with variable ataxia and seizures (CONDSIAS), an autosomal recessive neurodegenerative disorder with onset in the first years of life following normal early development. The disorder is characterised by cyclic episodic deterioration in response to stress, such as infection or febrile illness. The severity is highly variable: some individuals develop seizures early in life that are associated with loss of developmental milestones and early sudden death in childhood, whereas others present at a later age with muscle weakness, gait ataxia, impaired speech, more subtle clinical deterioration, and cognitive decline. Neurologic involvement includes gait ataxia, cerebellar signs associated with cerebellar atrophy, generalized brain atrophy, impaired intellectual development, hearing loss, and peripheral neuropathy. New HGNC approved name is ADPRS.; to: Fourteen unrelated families reported with stress-induced childhood-onset neurodegeneration with variable ataxia and seizures (CONDSIAS), an autosomal recessive neurodegenerative disorder with onset in the first years of life following normal early development. The disorder is characterised by cyclic episodic deterioration in response to stress, such as infection or febrile illness. The severity is highly variable: some individuals develop seizures early in life that are associated with loss of developmental milestones and early sudden death in childhood, whereas others present at a later age with muscle weakness, gait ataxia, impaired speech, more subtle clinical deterioration, and cognitive decline. Neurologic involvement includes gait ataxia, cerebellar signs associated with cerebellar atrophy, generalized brain atrophy, impaired intellectual development, hearing loss, and peripheral neuropathy. New HGNC approved name is ADPRS. To be upgraded to GREEN in next version of panel. |
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| Prepair 1000+ v1.3 | IDUA | Seb Lunke Added phenotypes Mucopolysaccharidosis Ih, 607014 (3) for gene: IDUA | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Prepair 1000+ v0.181 | IGHM | Zornitza Stark changed review comment from: Workaround in place to detect variants in this gene.; to: Workaround possible to detect variants in this gene. However, residual risk of false negative results. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Prepair 1000+ v0.85 | TFR2 |
Crystle Lee gene: TFR2 was added gene: TFR2 was added to Reproductive Carrier Screen_VCGS. Sources: Literature Mode of inheritance for gene: TFR2 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal Publications for gene: TFR2 were set to 29743178 Phenotypes for gene: TFR2 were set to Hemochromatosis, type 3, MIM#604250 Review for gene: TFR2 was set to AMBER Added comment: Age of onset in individuals with TFR2-HHC is earlier than in individuals with HFE-associated hereditary hemochromatosis (Gene Reviews) PMID: 29743178: Mean age at diagnosis for TFR2 HH (32 years) was significantly higher than for HJV HH Sources: Literature |
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| Prepair 1000+ v0.85 | TECPR2 |
Crystle Lee gene: TECPR2 was added gene: TECPR2 was added to Reproductive Carrier Screen_VCGS. Sources: Literature Mode of inheritance for gene: TECPR2 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal Publications for gene: TECPR2 were set to 23176824; 26542466; 35130874 Phenotypes for gene: TECPR2 were set to Neuropathy, hereditary sensory and autonomic, type IX, with developmental delay, MIM#615031 Review for gene: TECPR2 was set to GREEN Added comment: SPG49 is an autosomal recessive complicated form of spastic paraplegia. PMID 23176824 reported 4 Jewish Bukharian individuals homozygous for same founder variant and delayed psychomotor development, intellectual disability, and onset of spastic paraplegia in the first decade. Affected individuals also had dysmorphic features, thin corpus callosum on brain imaging, and episodes of central apnea, some of which were fatal. Three additional patients from unrelated non-Bukharian families reported in PMID 26542466, harboring two novel variants (c.1319delT, c.C566T) in this gene. In addition to intellectual disability and evolving spasticity, autonomic-sensory neuropathy accompanied by chronic respiratory disease and paroxysmal autonomic events were prominent Sources: Literature |
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| Prepair 1000+ v0.85 | TAT |
Crystle Lee gene: TAT was added gene: TAT was added to Reproductive Carrier Screen_VCGS. Sources: Literature Mode of inheritance for gene: TAT was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal Publications for gene: TAT were set to 16574453 Phenotypes for gene: TAT were set to Tyrosinemia, type II (MIM#276600) Review for gene: TAT was set to AMBER Added comment: Well established gene-disease association. Also known as Richner-Hanhart syndrome, the clinical hallmarks consist of a triad of painful palmoplantar keratoderma, keratitis with photophobia and variable mental impairment. RHS shows inter and intrafamilial phenotypic variability. Phenotype variability observed even among individuals sharing the same pathogenic variant. Sources: Literature |
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| Prepair 1000+ v0.85 | SLC12A3 |
Crystle Lee gene: SLC12A3 was added gene: SLC12A3 was added to Reproductive Carrier Screen_VCGS. Sources: Literature Mode of inheritance for gene: SLC12A3 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal Publications for gene: SLC12A3 were set to 8528245; 11102542 Phenotypes for gene: SLC12A3 were set to Gitelman syndrome (MIM#263800) Review for gene: SLC12A3 was set to AMBER Added comment: Gitelman syndrome is an autosomal recessive renal tubular salt-wasting disorder characterized by hypokalemic metabolic alkalosis with hypomagnesemia and hypocalciuria. It is the most common renal tubular disorder among Caucasians (prevalence of 1 in 40,000). Most individuals have onset of symptoms as adults, but some can present in childhood. Clinical features include transient periods of muscle weakness and tetany, abdominal pains, and chondrocalcinosis. Well established gene-disease association. Sources: Literature |
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| Prepair 1000+ v0.85 | PYGM |
Crystle Lee gene: PYGM was added gene: PYGM was added to Reproductive Carrier Screen_VCGS. Sources: Literature Mode of inheritance for gene: PYGM was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal Phenotypes for gene: PYGM were set to McArdle disease (MIM#232600) Review for gene: PYGM was set to AMBER Added comment: Gene-disease association for bi-allelic variants is well established. McCardle disease: glycogen storage disease type V (GSD5), characterized by onset of exercise intolerance and muscle cramps in childhood or adolescence. Transient myoglobinuria may occur after exercise, due to rhabdomyolysis. Severe myoglobinuria may lead to acute renal failure. Patients may report muscle weakness, myalgia, and lack of endurance since childhood or adolescence. Later in adult life, there is persistent and progressive muscle weakness and atrophy with fatty replacement. McArdle disease is a relatively benign disorder, except for possible renal failure as a complication of myoglobinuria Clinical heterogeneity exists; about 10% of all affected individuals have mild manifestations (e.g., fatigue or poor stamina without contractures) and remain virtually asymptomatic during daily activities of living(Gene Reviews) Sources: Literature |
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| Prepair 1000+ v0.85 | MCCC2 |
Crystle Lee gene: MCCC2 was added gene: MCCC2 was added to Reproductive Carrier Screen_VCGS. Sources: Literature Mode of inheritance for gene: MCCC2 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal Phenotypes for gene: MCCC2 were set to 3-Methylcrotonyl-CoA carboxylase 2 deficiency (MIM#210210) Review for gene: MCCC2 was set to RED Added comment: Variants in this gene cause a biochemical defect. Relationship to clinical features is less certain. Variants in this gene have been reported in multiple individuals with ID/regression/neurological phenotypes. However, ascertainment through NBS programs indicates most individuals remain asymptomatic and therefore caution should be applied in interpreting the clinical significance of variants in this gene (though they undoubtedly cause a biochemical phenotype). Sources: Literature |
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| Prepair 1000+ v0.61 | AIRE |
Crystle Lee gene: AIRE was added gene: AIRE was added to Reproductive Carrier Screen_VCGS. Sources: Literature Mode of inheritance for gene: AIRE was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal Publications for gene: AIRE were set to 35521792; 28323927 Phenotypes for gene: AIRE were set to Autoimmune polyendocrinopathy syndrome , type I, with or without reversible metaphyseal dysplasia (MIM#240300) Review for gene: AIRE was set to AMBER Added comment: Well established gene disease association. Onset in childhood however phenotype can vary even between siblings with the same genotype. Therefore, it may be difficult (?impossible) to predict the severity/age of onset from the genotype Most reported individuals have bi-allelic variants. AD inheritance has been reported in a single family (OMIM) p.G228W has been shown to have a dominant-negative effect by binding to WT AIRE (OMIM) Sources: Literature |
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| Prepair 1000+ v0.50 | PLG |
Crystle Lee changed review comment from: 2 AR conditions associated with PLG; Type I plasminogen deficiency and type II plasminogen deficiency, also known as 'dysplasminogenemia'. Patients with type II deficiency are usually asymptomatic (OMIM). The most common clinical manifestation is ligneous conjunctivitis. Other neurological manifestations such as hydrocephalus and Dandy Walker malformation can also be present in some patients PMID: 21174000: Phenotype shows inter- and intra- familial variability. Residual PLG activity does not always correlate with clinical severity AR condition can be associated with severe, early onset presentation; to: 2 AR conditions associated with PLG; Type I plasminogen deficiency and type II plasminogen deficiency, also known as 'dysplasminogenemia'. Patients with type II deficiency are usually asymptomatic (OMIM). The most common clinical manifestation is ligneous conjunctivitis. Other neurological manifestations such as hydrocephalus and Dandy Walker malformation can also be present in some patients PMID: 21174000: Phenotype shows inter- and intra- familial variability. Residual PLG activity does not always correlate with clinical severity AR condition can be associated with severe, early onset presentation |
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| Prepair 1000+ v0.0 | IDUA |
Zornitza Stark gene: IDUA was added gene: IDUA was added to Reproductive Carrier Screen_VCGS. Sources: Mackenzie's Mission,Expert Review Green Mode of inheritance for gene: IDUA was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal Phenotypes for gene: IDUA were set to Mucopolysaccharidosis Ih, 607014 (3) |
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