Differences of Sex Development

Gene: POLR3A

Green List (high evidence)

Hypomyelinating leukodystrophy-7 (HLD7) is an autosomal recessive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by childhood onset of progressive motor decline manifest as spasticity, ataxia, tremor, and cerebellar signs, as well as mild cognitive regression. Other common features may include hypodontia or oligodontia and hypogonadotropic hypogonadism. There is considerable inter- and intrafamilial variability.

Bernard et al. (2011) identified 14 different mutations in the POLR3A gene (homozygous or compound heterozygous state), in 19 patients from 12 families. The mutations were spread throughout the gene, and there were no obvious genotype/phenotype correlations. Immunoblot analysis showed decreased levels of POLR3A protein in fibroblasts from 4 affected individuals, and decreased levels in the cortex and cerebral white matter of another patient, suggesting that loss of function is responsible for the disorder.

Wolf et al. (2014) performed a cross-sectional observational study of 105 patients with 4H syndrome, including 43 with mutations in the POLR3A gene and 62 with mutations in the POLR3B gene. Delayed puberty/HH, in those old enough to assess, occurred in 81% of patients with POLR3A mutations and in 69% of those with POLR3B mutations.
Sources: Literature

Created: 5 Dec 2024, 4:04 a.m.

Mode of inheritance
BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal

Phenotypes
Leukodystrophy, hypomyelinating, 7, with or without oligodontia and/or hypogonadotropic hypogonadism, OMIM#607694

Publications

• PubMed: 21855841, 25339210, 33005949, 22855961