Intellectual disability syndromic and non-syndromic
Gene: FBXO31 Green List (high evidence)Green List (high evidence)
In addition to the 2 published cases:
- 1 VCGS internal family with a complex neurodevelopmental abnormality, 3 affected siblings all homozygous for a canonical splice (now classified as likely pathogenic)
- Personal communication: another unpublished patient with a biallelic multiple exon deletionCreated: 15 Feb 2024, 12:16 a.m. | Last Modified: 15 Feb 2024, 12:16 a.m.
Panel Version: 0.5698
Mode of inheritance
BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Phenotypes
Intellectual developmental disorder, autosomal recessive 45 (MIM#615979)
I don't know
AR association
Internal VCGS cohort:
- 1x hom splice variant (RNA studies not done)
PMID: 35019165
1x consanguineous Iranian family with 2 affecteds, hom for p.(Arg511Gln)
- severe ID and no dysmorphism
- no functional studies were performed
- variant is absent in gnomad and residue is highly conserved
PMID: 24623383
1x consanguineous Pakistani family hom for p.(Cys283asnfs*81), 6 affecteds
- mRNA and western blot of lymphoblasts demonstrated reduced expressionCreated: 28 Aug 2023, 1:19 a.m. | Last Modified: 28 Aug 2023, 1:19 a.m.
Panel Version: 0.5337
Mode of inheritance
BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Phenotypes
intellectual developmental disorder 45 (MIM#615979)
Publications
Variants in this GENE are reported as part of current diagnostic practice
I don't know
2 unrelated probands with CP harbouring the same de novo missense variant (p.Asp334Asn). The variant affects the cyclin D interaction site, leading to an apparent gain of function of cyclin D degradation, supported by Western blots from patient fibroblasts which showed decreased cyclin D expression.
Extended patient phenotypes: Spastic diplegia, with esotropia, ID, dysarthria, mixed receptive/expressive language disorder, ADHD, cleft palate, intestinal malrotation and midgut volvulus (patient 1); Spastic paraplegia with ventricular dilation and thin corpus callosum, ID, attention deficit, anxiety, language impairments, strabismus, severe constipation (patient 2).Created: 2 Nov 2020, 5:06 a.m. | Last Modified: 2 Nov 2020, 5:06 a.m.
Panel Version: 0.3132
Mode of inheritance
BOTH monoallelic and biallelic, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Phenotypes
Mental retardation, autosomal recessive 45, MIM#615979; Cerebral palsy
Publications
Mode of pathogenicity
Other
Green List (high evidence)
PMIDs 33675180; 32989326: three unrelated individuals with de novo missense variant, (p.Asp334Asn) and spastic-dystonic CP, including ID.Created: 7 May 2021, 8:01 a.m. | Last Modified: 7 May 2021, 8:01 a.m.
Panel Version: 0.3747
AR ID: Single consanguineous family reported with homozygous truncating variant, limited functional evidence.Created: 3 Dec 2019, 3:18 a.m. | Last Modified: 7 May 2021, 8:01 a.m.
Panel Version: 0.3747
Mode of inheritance
BOTH monoallelic and biallelic, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Phenotypes
Mental retardation, autosomal recessive 45, MIM#615979; Spastic-dystonic cerebral palsy, de novo dominant
Publications
Phenotypes for gene: FBXO31 were changed from Mental retardation, autosomal recessive 45, MIM#615979; Cerebral palsy, intellectual disability, autosomal dominant to Mental retardation, autosomal recessive 45, MIM#615979; Spastic-dystonic cerebral palsy, de novo dominant
Publications for gene: FBXO31 were set to 24623383; 32989326
Mode of inheritance for gene: FBXO31 was changed from BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal to BOTH monoallelic and biallelic, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Gene: fbxo31 has been classified as Green List (High Evidence).
Phenotypes for gene: FBXO31 were changed from Mental retardation, autosomal recessive 45, MIM#615979; Cerebral palsy, intellectual disability, autosomal dominant to Mental retardation, autosomal recessive 45, MIM#615979; Cerebral palsy, intellectual disability, autosomal dominant
Phenotypes for gene: FBXO31 were changed from Mental retardation, autosomal recessive 45, MIM#615979 to Mental retardation, autosomal recessive 45, MIM#615979; Cerebral palsy, intellectual disability, autosomal dominant
Publications for gene: FBXO31 were set to 24623383
Mode of pathogenicity for gene: FBXO31 was changed from to Other
Gene: fbxo31 has been classified as Amber List (Moderate Evidence).
Gene: fbxo31 has been classified as Red List (Low Evidence).
Phenotypes for gene: FBXO31 were changed from to Mental retardation, autosomal recessive 45, MIM#615979
Publications for gene: FBXO31 were set to
Mode of inheritance for gene: FBXO31 was changed from Unknown to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Gene: fbxo31 has been classified as Red List (Low Evidence).
gene: FBXO31 was added gene: FBXO31 was added to Intellectual disability, syndromic and non-syndromic_GHQ. Sources: Expert Review Green,Genetic Health Queensland Mode of inheritance for gene: FBXO31 was set to Unknown
If promoting or demoting a gene, please provide comments to justify a decision to move it.
Genes included in a Genomics England gene panel for a rare disease category (green list) should fit the criteria A-E outlined below.
These guidelines were developed as a combination of the ClinGen DEFINITIVE evidence for a causal role of the gene in the disease(a), and the Developmental Disorder Genotype-Phenotype (DDG2P) CONFIRMED DD Gene evidence level(b) (please see the original references provided below for full details). These help provide a guideline for expert reviewers when assessing whether a gene should be on the green or the red list of a panel.
A. There are plausible disease-causing mutations(i) within, affecting or encompassing an interpretable functional region(ii) of this gene identified in multiple (>3) unrelated cases/families with the phenotype(iii).
OR
B. There are plausible disease-causing mutations(i) within, affecting or encompassing cis-regulatory elements convincingly affecting the expression of a single gene identified in multiple (>3) unrelated cases/families with the phenotype(iii).
OR
C. As definitions A or B but in 2 or 3 unrelated cases/families with the phenotype, with the addition of convincing bioinformatic or functional evidence of causation e.g. known inborn error of metabolism with mutation in orthologous gene which is known to have the relevant deficient enzymatic activity in other species; existence of an animal model which recapitulates the human phenotype.
AND
D. Evidence indicates that disease-causing mutations follow a Mendelian pattern of causation appropriate for reporting in a diagnostic setting(iv).
AND
E. No convincing evidence exists or has emerged that contradicts the role of the gene in the specified phenotype.
(i)Plausible disease-causing mutations: Recurrent de novo mutations convincingly affecting gene function. Rare, fully-penetrant mutations - relevant genotype never, or very rarely, seen in controls. (ii) Interpretable functional region: ORF in protein coding genes miRNA stem or loop. (iii) Phenotype: the rare disease category, as described in the eligibility statement. (iv) Intermediate penetrance genes should not be included.
It’s assumed that loss-of-function variants in this gene can cause the disease/phenotype unless an exception to this rule is known. We would like to collect information regarding exceptions. An example exception is the PCSK9 gene, where loss-of-function variants are not relevant for a hypercholesterolemia phenotype as they are associated with increased LDL-cholesterol uptake via LDLR (PMID: 25911073).
If a curated set of known-pathogenic variants is available for this gene-phenotype, please contact us at panelapp@genomicsengland.co.uk
We classify loss-of-function variants as those with the following Sequence Ontology (SO) terms:
Term descriptions can be found on the PanelApp homepage and Ensembl.
If you are submitting this evaluation on behalf of a clinical laboratory please indicate whether you report variants in this gene as part of your current diagnostic practice by checking the box
Standardised terms were used to represent the gene-disease mode of inheritance, and were mapped to commonly used terms from the different sources. Below each of the terms is described, along with the equivalent commonly-used terms.
A variant on one allele of this gene can cause the disease, and imprinting has not been implicated.
A variant on the paternally-inherited allele of this gene can cause the disease, if the alternate allele is imprinted (function muted).
A variant on the maternally-inherited allele of this gene can cause the disease, if the alternate allele is imprinted (function muted).
A variant on one allele of this gene can cause the disease. This is the default used for autosomal dominant mode of inheritance where no knowledge of the imprinting status of the gene required to cause the disease is known. Mapped to the following commonly used terms from different sources: autosomal dominant, dominant, AD, DOMINANT.
A variant on both alleles of this gene is required to cause the disease. Mapped to the following commonly used terms from different sources: autosomal recessive, recessive, AR, RECESSIVE.
The disease can be caused by a variant on one or both alleles of this gene. Mapped to the following commonly used terms from different sources: autosomal recessive or autosomal dominant, recessive or dominant, AR/AD, AD/AR, DOMINANT/RECESSIVE, RECESSIVE/DOMINANT.
A variant on one allele of this gene can cause the disease, however a variant on both alleles of this gene can result in a more severe form of the disease/phenotype.
A variant in this gene can cause the disease in males as they have one X-chromosome allele, whereas a variant on both X-chromosome alleles is required to cause the disease in females. Mapped to the following commonly used term from different sources: X-linked recessive.
A variant in this gene can cause the disease in males as they have one X-chromosome allele. A variant on one allele of this gene may also cause the disease in females, though the disease/phenotype may be less severe and may have a later-onset than is seen in males. X-linked inactivation and mosaicism in different tissues complicate whether a female presents with the disease, and can change over their lifetime. This term is the default setting used for X-linked genes, where it is not known definitately whether females require a variant on each allele of this gene in order to be affected. Mapped to the following commonly used terms from different sources: X-linked dominant, x-linked, X-LINKED, X-linked.
The gene is in the mitochondrial genome and variants within this can cause this disease, maternally inherited. Mapped to the following commonly used term from different sources: Mitochondrial.
Mapped to the following commonly used terms from different sources: Unknown, NA, information not provided.
For example, if the mode of inheritance is digenic, please indicate this in the comments and which other gene is involved.